Na'urar matsa iska

Masu ƙara iska a cikin injiniyan tushe mai zurfi suna aiki a matsayin kayan haɗi masu mahimmanci waɗanda ke canza makamashi na inji ko lantarki zuwa iska mai matsa lamba, suna ba da ƙarfin kayan aikin pneumatic da tsarin da suka zama dole don daidaita ƙasa da ginin labule na katsewa. A matsayin fasahar goyon baya mai mahimmanci a cikin rukuni na Kayan Haɗi, masu ƙara iska suna bayar da tushen ƙarfin farko ga hanyoyin tushe mai zurfi da yawa, suna ba da damar haƙo, gina, haɗa ƙasa, da kuma gudanar da kayan aiki a cikin yanayin ƙasa inda bayar da ƙarfin hydraulic ko lantarki na al'ada ba ya yiwu ko kuma yana da iyaka. Ana amfani da masu ƙara iska a cikin aikace-aikacen tushe mai zurfi da yawa ciki har da ginin bango na diaphragm, inda iska mai matsa lamba ke ba da ƙarfin kayan aikin karya da kayan aikin cire ƙasa yayin haƙo ramin jagora da haƙo ƙasa; ayyukan sandar secant da tangent, inda masu haƙo pneumatic da kayan aikin ke buƙatar matsa lamba mai ɗorewa don haƙo da sarrafa casing; shigar da labule na katsewa ta hanyar jet grouting, inda tsarin iska mai matsa lamba mai ƙarfi tare da layin gina ke haifar da ginshiƙin ruwan da ke karya ƙasa; da kuma hanyoyin haɗa ƙasa kamar haɗa ƙasa mai zurfi da sandar siminti, inda kayan aikin pneumatic ke goyon bayan juyawar auger da juyin kayan. A cikin haƙo da cire ƙasa, iska mai matsa lamba tana bayar da tsarin ɗaukar iska wanda ke jigilar kayan da aka karya daga zurfi zuwa sama, yana rage cunkoson inji a cikin manyan rami. Iska mai matsa lamba kuma tana ba da ƙarfin kayan aikin pneumatic ciki har da hammers masu tasiri, masu haƙo pneumatic, da kayan aikin tasiri da suka zama dole don karya shinge da shirya yanayin ƙasa. Ka'idar aiki na masu ƙara iska yana haɗa da shigar da iska daga yanayi, matsa lamba ta hanyar juyawa ko pistons na reciprocating, sanyaya ta hanyar intercoolers ko aftercoolers don sarrafa haɓakar zazzabi da ke cikin matsa lamba na adiabatic, da bayar da iska mai matsa lamba wanda yawanci yana tsakanin 4 zuwa 13 bar ainihi (0.4 zuwa 1.3 MPa auna). Tsarin gama gari a cikin aikin tushe mai zurfi yana haɗa da masu ƙara iska na juyawa don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar babban gudu na tsawon lokaci kamar jet grouting da haɗa ƙasa, da masu ƙara iska na reciprocating (piston) don bayar da iskar da ake buƙata ga kayan aikin pneumatic na hannu. Nau'ikan da ke amfani da injin diesel da na'urar lantarki duka suna da kyau; na'urorin diesel suna mamaye wurare masu nisa da ba su da ingantaccen tsarin wutar lantarki, yayin da masu ƙara iska na lantarki ke bayar da inganci da tsabta a cikin wuraren da aka ci gaba. Ka'idodin zaɓi don masu ƙara iska a cikin aikin tushe mai zurfi sun haɗa da fitar da iska mai kyau (FAD) a cikin cubic meters a kowace minti, wanda ya dace da buƙatar iska na lokaci guda na duk kayan haɗin; matsa lamba, yawanci 7–8 bar don aikin kayan aiki da har zuwa 10–13 bar don aikace-aikace na musamman; samuwa da ikon shigarwa a shafin, tare da na'urorin da aka sanya a kan hanyoyin ko na'urorin motsa jiki da aka fi so don juyin gini na motsi; ingancin makamashi da tattalin arziki; da kuma zazzabin aiki na muhallin, yayin da aikin masu ƙara iska ke raguwa a cikin wurare masu tsawo ko yanayi masu tsanani. Masu kwangila suna kimanta alaƙar wutar zuwa fitarwa, samun damar kulawa, da kuma rage hayaniya, musamman a cikin wuraren birni masu laushi. Ka'idodin kayan aiki suna da alaƙa da ISO 1217 (ƙayyadaddun iska mai matsa lamba), EN 12922 (rarraba masu ƙara iska da aikin su), da ISO 8573 (ka'idodin ingancin iska mai matsa lamba wanda ke bayyana girman ƙwayoyin, abun danshi, da iyakokin gurbata mai), suna tabbatar da tsabtar iska don kayan aikin pneumatic masu laushi da kayan gina. DIN 1945 da ka'idodin IMCA masu dacewa suna kula da tsaro da ƙa'idodin ƙira na masu ƙara iska don aikace-aikacen tushe mai zurfi na offshore ko na musamman.