Hydromills da aka gina bisa ga rig na hakowa

Na'urorin hakowa na hydromill suna wakiltar wani rukuni na musamman na kayan aikin hakowa da maganin ƙasa wanda ke haɗa fasahar jeti mai matsin lamba tare da na'urorin hakowa na juyawa ko na jujjuyawa don ƙirƙirar katanga masu ci gaba a ƙarƙashin ƙasa da kuma ƙungiyoyin ƙasa masu daidaito. Wadannan tsarin suna da matuƙar muhimmanci ga injiniyan tushe mai zurfi, suna ba da damar gina bangon diaphragm, katanga masu hana ruwa, tsarin ginshiƙai na secant da tangent, da kuma yankunan inganta ƙasa da aka gina da jeti. Rukuni na kayan yana ƙunshe da nau'ikan hydromill daban-daban da aka sanya a kan na'urorin gina ko hakowa na gargajiya, suna amfani da mast na na'urar, tashar wutar lantarki, da tsarin hydraulic don bayar da ƙarfin da ake buƙata da daidaito don aikin ƙarƙashin ƙasa. Ana amfani da na'urorin da aka kera da hydromill a cikin aikace-aikace da yawa na geotechnical. Ayyukan farko sun haɗa da ƙirƙirar panel na bangon diaphragm a cikin katangar da aka rufe da ruwa, gine-ginen ƙarƙashin ƙasa, da tsarin riƙewa; shigar da katanga masu hana ruwa masu ƙarancin permeability don ganuwar dam, katanga, da gyaran muhalli; tsarin ginshiƙai na secant da tangent don katanga masu jujjuyawa ko masu goyon baya; ayyukan gina jeti don daidaita ƙasa, tallafawa, da shigar da bututun; da haɗin ƙasa-cement a cikin-situ don daidaita ƙasa da injiniyan titin. Kowanne aikace-aikace yana buƙatar daidaitaccen sarrafa zurfi, daidaitaccen jujjuyawa na jeti, da kuma ma'auni na haɗin ko hakowa. Ka'idar aiki tana dogara ne akan jeti na ruwa mai matsin lamba mai yawa (yawanci 300–600 bar) da aka nufa da ƙasa ta hanyar nozzles da aka tsara musamman da aka sanya a kan Kelly bar na na'urar hakowa ko jujjuyawa. Yayin da na'urar ke ci gaba da jujjuyawa ko tare da jujjuyawa mai sarrafawa, jets suna gurbata da ɗaukar ƙwayoyin ƙasa yayin da suke shigar da slurry na siminti, suna ƙirƙirar ginshiƙi mai daidaito ko cire ƙasa don hakar panel. Matsin shigarwa da gudun gudu suna tsara diamita na ginshiƙin hydromill da matakin haɗin ƙasa-cement. Don ginin bangon diaphragm, hydromill yana hakowa a cikin ramin slurry da aka tallafawa da bentonite; don aikace-aikacen gina jeti, yana ƙirƙirar jikin ginin ginshiƙi na diamita da aka ƙayyade da tsarin jujjuyawa. Muhimman nau'ikan kayan sun haɗa da hydromills guda ɗaya (ruwa jeti tare da shigar slurry a lokaci guda), tsarin ruwa uku (nozzles guda uku masu zaman kansu don ƙarin sarrafa hakowa da gina), hydromills na jujjuyawa don jagorancin panel na daidaito, da nau'ikan da ke taimakawa da jujjuyawa wanda ke haɗa ƙarfin tasiri tare da aikin jeti don ƙasa mai haɗin gwiwa ko siminti mai yawa. Zaɓin tsarin yana dogara ne akan buƙatun kauri na bangon, haɗin ƙasa, ƙarfin matsin shigarwa, da kuma saurin samarwa. Ka'idodin zaɓi sun haɗa da rarraba ƙasa (haɗin gwiwa, kusurwar ƙarfafa ciki, ƙimar ƙasa na in-situ, kasancewar duwatsu ko manyan duwatsu), zurfin da ake buƙata da kaurin bangon, yanayin ruwa na ƙasa, zafin jiki na muhalli da ke shafar rheology na slurry, ƙarfin motsi na na'ura, da kuma buƙatun tabbatar da inganci da aka ƙayyade—yawanci duban ido da rajistar jujjuyawa, tare da tabbatar da geophysical na zaɓi. Ka'idodin kayan suna buƙatar tabbatar da cewa tashar wutar na'urar (matsin famfo da gudu) suna dacewa da ƙa'idodin hydromill da kuma cewa tsarin jagoranci suna kiyaye tsaye a cikin ±0.5–1.0 kashi, bisa ƙa'idodin ƙira. Ka'idodin da suka dace sun haɗa da EN 1538 (Aikin Ayyukan Geotechnical na Musamman—Bangon diaphragm), EN 12716 (Aikin Ayyukan Geotechnical na Musamman—Grouting), EN ISO 14688 (Rarrabuwa na ƙasa), da API RP 2A-WSD don aikace-aikacen teku. Cancantar kwangila da shaidar mai aiki na hydromill (yawanci ana gudanar da su ta hanyar hukumomin yanki ko masu kera kayan) suna da matuƙar muhimmanci don gudanar da aiki cikin aminci.