Na'urorin Jet Grouting masu tafiya

Rijiyar jet grouting mai tafiya suna da kansu, tsarin hakowa da gina ginin da aka tsara don bayar da shigar ruwa mai karfi a cikin ƙasa don inganta ƙasa, rufewa, da kuma tabbatar da tsayayye. Waɗannan ƙungiyoyin haɗin gwiwa suna haɗa tashar wutar lantarki, tsarin matsin lamba na hydraulic, mast na hakowa, da tsarin sarrafawa a cikin dandalin motsi guda ɗaya, wanda ke ba da damar gudanar da ayyukan jet grouting a cikin wurare masu iyaka da ƙasa mai wahala inda kayan aikin hakowa na gargajiya ba za a iya amfani da su yadda ya kamata ba. A cikin injiniyan tushe mai zurfi, ana amfani da rijiyar jet grouting mai tafiya sosai don gina katangar katako a ƙarƙashin tushe na dam, a ƙarƙashin wurare masu gurbatawa, da kuma a gefen koguna don sarrafa zubewa da motsin gurbataccen abu. Hakanan suna da matuƙar mahimmanci don ƙirƙirar rufewar haɗin bayan gina bango, suna samun rashin ruwa a haɗin panel da rage matsin lamba na ruwa da ke aiki akan tsarin bango. Bugu da ƙari, waɗannan rijiyoyin suna tallafawa tabbatar da tushe ta hanyar canza ƙasa a cikin wuri da ƙara ƙarfi, musamman a cikin tarin alluvial, silts, da yashi inda tushe mai zurfi na gargajiya ke buƙatar inganta ƙasa. Jet grouting da rijiyoyin tafiya suka yi kuma suna ƙarfafa ƙungiyoyin pile da ke akwai, suna gyara wuraren da ke fuskantar zama, da kuma ƙirƙirar katangar katako a ƙarƙashin ruwa a cikin yanayin teku da tafkin. Ka'idar aiki tana dogara ne akan shigar da ruwan gina mai matsin lamba (yawanci bentonite-cement ko kuma suspensions bisa siminti) ta hanyar nozzle na jetting a cikin matsin lamba wanda yawanci ke tsakanin 200 zuwa 600 bar, yana ƙirƙirar ginshiƙi mai silinda ko conical na ƙasa da aka gyara tare da tsari da daidaito. Mai aiki yana sarrafa matsin lamba na shigarwa, saurin gudu, da saurin juyawa don sarrafa girman da ƙarfi na yankin da aka gyara, yayin da tsarin tafiya ke ba da damar rijiyar ta daidaita kanta daidai a kan kowanne wuri na magani da kuma ci gaba da tsarin a cikin shafin aikin. Tsarin sa ido na matsin lamba da na'urar auna gudu suna ba da ra'ayi na ainihi don tabbatar da ingancin kulawa da bin diddigin kowanne aikin magani. Rijiyar jet grouting mai tafiya suna samuwa a cikin tsarin da yawa: tsarin da aka sanya kan hanya don ƙasa mai laushi ko mai matsawa tare da ƙaramin tasirin saman; nau'ikan da aka sanya kan taya don hanyoyin da aka gina; ƙananan rijiyoyi don wurare masu iyaka; da kuma ƙungiyoyin ƙarfin gaske don manyan ayyukan katako. Babban bambance-bambancen sun haɗa da ƙarfin zurfin hakowa (yawanci mita 10 zuwa 40), ƙimar matsin lamba na shigarwa (200–600 bar), saurin gudu na slurry (30–300 liters/minute), da kuma fitar da tashar wutar lantarki (75–250 kW), tare da zaɓin da aka jagoranta ta ƙayyadaddun ƙira da samun damar shafin. Zaɓin kayan aiki yana dogara ne akan abubuwa da yawa: ƙayyadaddun matsin lamba na shigarwa da buƙatun ƙima da aka samo daga binciken hydrogeological da geotechnical; stratigraphy na ƙasa da abrasiveness (wanda ke tantance ƙimar lalacewar nozzle da zurfin magani); ƙuntatawar samun damar shafin da ƙarfin ɗaukar ƙasa; jadawalin samarwa da faɗin yankin magani; da kuma samuwar ruwa da kayan gina. Masu aiki dole ne su tabbatar da bin ƙa'idodin EN 1997-1 (Eurocode 7 design) da EN 12715 (ƙa'idar aiwatar da gina), musamman game da iyakokin matsin lamba don ƙasa masu laushi, ƙayyadaddun slurry da dorewa, da kuma tsarin gwajin matsin lamba don tabbatar da ingancin katako. Kayan aikin dole ne su bayar da sakamako mai maimaitawa, mai auna tare da cikakken takaddun shaida na matsin lamba, gudu, lokaci, da ƙima don kowanne wuri na shigarwa—muhimmanci don tabbatar da niyyar ƙira da karɓar kwangila daga injiniyoyin shawara da hukumomin kula.