Ịkpọ Ala

Excavators na-anọchi anya otu n'ime ụdị akụrụngwa na-emegharị ala dị mkpa na injinia ntọala miri emi, na-arụ ọrụ dị ka igwe mbụ maka nkwadebe saịtị, njikwa ihe, na ọrụ ịkpụzi ndị ọzọ na-akwado ntinye mgbidi ala na mkpuchi. Ọ bụ ezie na mgbidi diaphragm, mkpuchi, mgbidi secant, na mgbidi akwụkwọ na-adabere na akụrụngwa drilling na injection pụrụ iche, excavators na-eme ka ntọala nke ọrụ ndị a site na ịrụ ọrụ ala nke na-enye ohere maka owuwu mgbidi ziri ezi. Na ngwa ntọala miri emi, excavators na-arụ ọrụ maka ọrụ dị iche iche n'ọrụ mgbidi diaphragm na mkpuchi. Ha na-eme ka saịtị dị ọcha ma na-eme ka ọ dị elu, na-ewepụ ihe ndị na-ebu ibu na ala dị nro, na-eme ka mgbidi ndu na pits ọrụ, na-achịkwa logistics nke bentonite slurry, na-emepụta na ịchekwa ihe ndị a na-ewepụ, na-achịkwa mmegharị ihe n'ogbe ọrụ obodo jupụtara. Maka ọrụ jet grouting na ngwakọta ala, excavators na-eme ka akụrụngwa dị, na-achịkwa akpa ihe, na-achịkwa iwepụ na ịmegharị ihe ndị a na-emetụta. Na ngwa mgbidi secant na tangent, ha na-eme ka ebe nnweta dị ọcha na-achịkwa ihe ndị a na-emepụta n'oge iwepụ augered. Usoro ọrụ nke excavators crawler na wheeled na ọnọdụ ndị a na-elekwasị anya na nnyefe ike hydraulic. Ụdị na-agba, nke a na-etinye na carriers na-agba ma ọ bụ rubber-tired, nwere pump hydraulic, valves njikwa, na ụlọ ọrụ onye na-arụ ọrụ. The boom, arm, na akpa na-arụ ọrụ na hydraulic, na-enye ohere maka ịkwado akpa na ịdị elu na ikike ibu na-agbanwe site na 0.5 ruo 5.0 cubic meters dabere na klaasị igwe. Ike ịkpụzi na-emepụta site na displacement pump bụ isi (na-emekarị 200–400 cc/rev) na-eme ka ike diesel ma ọ bụ eletrik, na-ebufe ya na cylinders hydraulic nwere nrụgide nke 280–350 bar. Na saịtị obodo jupụtara, excavators compact (13–25 tonnes na ibu ọrụ) nwere tail swing belatara na ikike ịgbanwe 360-degree ka a na-ahọrọ; saịtị mepere emepe na-anabata carriers nkịtị (30–60 tonnes) nwere booms ogologo na iru ka ukwuu. Nhazi akụrụngwa na ụdị a gụnyere usoro akpa na ogwe, akpa pụrụ iche nwere edges na-eme ka ọ dịrị mfe maka ala na-emepụta, grapples maka ịkekọrịta ihe, na akpa na-ejide ngwaọrụ na-eme ka ọ dịrị mfe. Excavators na-achịkwa slurry nwere nchebe nchebe iji jikwaa bentonite spillage na usoro mmiri na-agba n'ala. Nhazi pụrụ iche gụnyere akpa nwere ihuenyo jikọtara na ya maka ịkekọrịta ihe ndị a na-ewepụ. Nhọrọ nke ihe ndị a na-atụle maka nkwado excavator na ọrụ mgbidi ala gụnyere klaasị excavator (mini, midi, nkịtị), oke ibu ọrụ a na-etinye na ikike ikpo okwu, ihe akpa na-ejide nke dabara na ọnọdụ ala, arụmọrụ mmanụ na-adịgide adịgide na ọrụ ogologo, ụda na vibration na-achịkwa na gburugburu ebe obibi dị oke mkpa, na ihe ndị a chọrọ na-ejikọta na geometry pit. Ndị na-arụ ọrụ na-enyocha displacement pump hydraulic, ọnụego mgbasa, na akara nrụgide megide ihe resistance ala a tụrụ aro na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ gburugburu. Ụkpụrụ ụlọ ọrụ na-achịkwa arụmọrụ excavator na nchekwa gụnyere ISO 6016 (nkọwa ikike a tụrụ aro), ISO 12100 (nchekwa igwe), ISO 6165 (nchịkọta site na ibu na ike), na EN 12001 (ihe achọrọ nchekwa maka igwe na-emegharị ala). Iwu mpaghara na-achọ ka a kwadoro ya n'okpuru EU Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC. Ụkpụrụ ọrụ maka njikwa ihe ndị a na-ewepụ na-ezo aka na ISO 14644 (njikwa mmetọ n'oge mmegharị ihe) na ụkpụrụ gburugburu ebe obibi nke mba maka njikwa slurry.