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Ngwaọrụ ndị ọzọ

Ngwaọrụ ndị na-enyere aka na nrụpụta mgbidi secant na-anọchite anya usoro zuru oke nke akụrụngwa, ihe, na usoro nke dị mkpa maka ịrụ ọrụ diaphragm wall na secant pile nke ọma. Ihe ndị na-akwado a bụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke usoro ntọala miri emi, na-arụ ọrụ na akụrụngwa excavation na ntinye pile bụ isi iji hụ na ịdị mma nke ụlọ, arụmọrụ, na nkwado na ihe achọrọ nke imewe geotechnical. Ngwaọrụ ndị na-enyere aka na-eji na usoro niile nke nrụpụta secant na diaphragm wall, site na nkwadebe saịtị mbụ na ntinye usoro nduzi ruo na excavation pile, njikwa slurry, ọnọdụ pile, na mmechi mgbidi ikpeazụ. Na ngwa secant pile, akụrụngwa ndị na-enyere aka na-eme ka usoro ntinye pile bụ isi na nke abụọ ziri ezi, na-enye nhazi pile ziri ezi na geometry overlap, na-akwado usoro ịgafe slurry na usoro alaghachi, na-enye nkwado nkeji oge n'oge oge curing nke na-eme ka ike dị elu. Ha bụkwa ihe dị mkpa na mgbidi diaphragm, mkpuchi mkpuchi, na ọrụ ngwakọta ala, ebe usoro nduzi, akụrụngwa njikwa slurry, na ngwaọrụ ọnọdụ nkwado bụ isi iji nweta nkọwa imewe. Usoro ọrụ nke akụrụngwa ndị na-enyere aka gụnyere ọtụtụ ọrụ dị mkpa. Ụdị mgbidi na usoro nkwado na-ejide nhazi kwụ ọtọ na kwụ ọtọ nke akụrụngwa excavation mgbe ha na-anagide nrụgide lateral site na slurry na ala gburugburu. Usoro ọgwụgwọ slurry—gụnyere tanks, centrifuges, na units ngwakọta—na-achịkwa viscosity mmiri drilling, density, na njirimara ịmepụta cake iji hụ na nkwụsi ike nke borehole na-eme ka ịkewa cuttings dị irè. Pile spacers, centralizers, na usoro njikwa cage nkwado na-enyere aka na ọnọdụ pile ziri ezi na geometry lap kwesịrị ekwesị n'etiti piles bụ isi na nke abụọ. Akụrụngwa nlekota na instrumentation na-enyocha paramita slurry, ọnọdụ pile, na mmepe ike nke mbụ iji mee ka usoro owuwu dịkwuo mma. Ụdị akụrụngwa ndị bụ isi n'ime akụrụngwa na-enyere aka gụnyere usoro mgbidi nduzi mechanical na hydraulic, ụlọ ọrụ ọgwụgwọ slurry bentonite nwere ikike mmiri dị iche iche, usoro nhazi ultrasonic na laser maka ọnọdụ pile, pipelines tremie na valves nyocha maka ịkụ mmiri n'okpuru ala, usoro formwork pile cap, na netwọk nkwado ma ọ bụ strut maka mgbidi na-eru oke elu nke na-abụghị nke a na-ahụkarị. Ngwaọrụ nlekota oge curing—na-eji ultrasonic pulse velocity ma ọ bụ nlele okpomọkụ—na-enye ohere maka mkpebi nke sayensị gbasara oge ntinye pile, na-ebelata oge usoro n'oge na-ejide njikọ ụlọ. Nkọwa nke usoro na-enyere aka na-adabere na depth mgbidi, diameter pile, ogologo mgbidi a chọrọ, ọnọdụ ala-miri, nkọwa nke concrete, na logistics saịtị. Nhazi mgbidi nduzi ga-emekwa ka ọ bụrụ na ọ na-anabata ibu nrụgide lateral kachasị na depth excavation kachasị. Ike ọgwụgwọ slurry ga-eme ka ọ dabara na ọnụego excavation mgbe na-ejide nkọwa density na viscosity a tụrụ aro. Usoro nhazi ga-enye eziokwu na-ejikọta na ihe achọrọ nke nnyefe ibu, na-emekarị ±50 mm n'elu mgbidi. Ụkpụrụ ndị metụtara na-achịkwa nhazi na arụmọrụ nke akụrụngwa na-enyere aka gụnyere EN 1538 (mgbidi diaphragm), ISO 6930 (njirimara slurry), DIN 1045 (concrete a na-eme ka ọ bụrụ nke a na-eme), na API RP 65 (ọrụ ubi). Ụkpụrụ European na ISO na-emepụta nkọwa kachasị maka composition slurry, ịdị mma nke mgbidi nduzi, usoro ịkụ tremie, na usoro nlekota àgwà n'oge usoro owuwu nke akụrụngwa na-enyere aka.

Subcategories (5)

Ngwá ọrụ excavator

Excavators a na-eji na mgbidi ala na owuwu mkpuchi na-arụ ọrụ dị ka ngwa ọrụ nkwado dị mkpa maka usoro nkwụsị ala pụrụ iche gụnyere diaphragm walls, mkpuchi, secant piles, mgbidi sheet, na ọrụ ngwakọta ala. Ngwaọrụ ndị a na-arụ ọrụ karịa ịkụ ala ọdịnala; ha na-enye precision mechanical excavation, njikwa slurry circulation, na iwepụ cuttings nke dị mkpa iji manten stability na gburugburu ebe mmiri na n'okpuru mmiri ala. Excavators na ụdị a na-arụ ọrụ na njikọ na drilling rigs, slurry treatment systems, na tremie piping networks, na-emepụta usoro ọrụ jikọtara ebe ọnọdụ excavator, ikike bucket, na hydraulic power na-emetụta nke ọma nke itinye mgbidi mkpuchi na nkwụsị ala. Usoro ọrụ na-elekwasị anya na iwepụ ala a kụrụ na njikwa mmiri ala na-abanye na mbido na nke a na-ebute. Na owuwu diaphragm wall dịka EN 1536, excavators na-ewepụ cuttings nwere bentonite site na mgbidi ndu na usoro nkwado trench, na-arụ ọrụ n'otu oge na drilling rigs mgbidi ndu iji guzobe geometries panel planar na ±500 mm horizontal tolerances. Maka ọrụ mkpuchi, excavators na-ahụ maka iwepụ spoil site na auger flights na usoro ntụgharị casing, nke dị mkpa iji manten hydrostatic equilibrium na trench dị omimi. Na ọrụ nkwado jet grouting, excavators na-ewepụ mixed soil-cement columns na oversized fragments nke drilling rigs enweghị ike ịkpa, na-ewepụ nsogbu na n'ịwepụ casing na itinye panel mgbidi. Ngwaọrụ ngwakọta ala na-eji buckets excavator nwere paddles ngwakọta pụrụ iche iji kwadebe strata dị nro ma ọ bụ ihe a kụrụ tupu iji ya na embankments ma ọ bụ usoro slurry. Nhazi ngwa ọrụ na-agbanwe dabere na ịdị omimi nke ngwa na ụdị ala. Conventional backhoe excavators (CAT 320, Komatsu PC200) na-eje ozi na ịdị omimi ruo 15 m na ikike hydraulic bucket nke 0.8–1.2 m³, nke dị mma maka mgbidi ndu na excavation panel elu. Ụdị longreach nwere 11–14 m boom extensions na-akwado diaphragm wall panels dị omimi (25–50 m ịdị omimi) na-enweghị enyemaka crane na-agba. Amphibious excavators na-eme ka saịtị kwụsị na ịnweta ebe a na-ahụghị site na usoro trestle nke oge. Ngwaọrụ pụrụ iche gụnyere high-flow hydraulic quick couplers (ISO 16028), digging buckets dị arọ nwere usoro teeth na-emepụta nke a na-atụ anya maka soils cohesive nwere SPT N-values na-eru 50, na buckets na-emegharị slurry nke a na-eme ka ha na-ahụ maka iwepụ spoil submerged na-enweghị air entrainment. Nhọrọ usoro na-adabere na ịdị omimi nke ịkụ, diameter borehole, njirimara strata ala (ISO 14688), ihe achọrọ slurry density, na njedebe nke ịnweta saịtị. Ibu igwe na ikike ala (na-ejikarị 60–80 kPa maka mats nke oge) na-achọpụta ma ọ bụ ụdị tracked ma ọ bụ wheeled na-adabara ọnọdụ saịtị. Excavator hydraulic flow rates ga-adị na njikọ na outputs pump mud nke drilling rig iji gbochie mgbanwe slurry level nke na-eru ±500 mm, dịka ISO 22476-12 na-achịkwa maka njikwa àgwà owuwu ntọala. Ncheta onye na-arụ ọrụ na trenching stability, slurry rheology, na njikwa cuttings gradation na-eme ka arụmọrụ dị iche na saịtị obodo ma ọ bụ profaịlụ ala na-adịghị mma. Ụkpụrụ ndị metụtara gụnyere EN 1536 (ime ihe nke ọrụ geotechnical pụrụ iche—diaphragm walls), DIN 4126 (tolerances mgbidi diaphragm), ISO 14688 (njirimara ala maka ọrụ geotechnical), ISO 22476-12 (àgwà mmiri drilling na nyocha borehole), na API RP 2A (ihe atụ maka imewe ntọala maka ibu ngwa). Ikwesiri ịgbaso ụkpụrụ ndị a na-eme ka itinye excavator na-eme ka ọ dabara na nkwụsị ala, composition slurry, na usoro iwepụ cuttings nke ndị injinia ntọala na ndị ọchịchị kwadoro.

Ngwaọrụ ndị ọzọ

Subcategories (5)

Ngwá ọrụ excavator

Ngwá ọrụ backhoe loaders

Ngwá ọrụ cranes na-ebuli

Trailers dị ala

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