Vibro zamena — gornje hranjenje

Vibro replacement — top feed is a specialized ground improvement technique employed to enhance the bearing capacity and reduce settlement of weak or problematic soils in deep foundation construction. This method involves the installation of stone columns, also referred to as vibro-replacement columns or vibro-stone columns, through the strategic combination of vibratory penetration and granular material placement. During execution, a vibratory probe or vibro-replacement hammer is lowered into the ground under its own weight while vibrating at high frequency, typically between 25 to 35 Hz, creating a densified void or cavity as the probe penetrates the soil strata. The top feed approach distinguishes itself by introducing stone material, usually uniformly graded crushed stone or gravel ranging from 8 to 40 mm in diameter, continuously from the ground surface as the probe descends and vibrates, ensuring optimal stone column formation, density, and load-bearing integrity.