Ibhenti-cement grouts

Umkhiqizo obalulekile ekwakhiweni kwezimfundamakhaya ezijulile nasezobunjiniyela bezehlakalo zezemvelo, ama-grout e-bentonite-cement yizinsiza ezikhethekile eziklanyelwe ukuphucula ukuhlala nokuhlala kwesakhiwo esiphansi. Lezi zindawo zihlanganisa izici ze-bentonite clay ne-cement, zenza isixazululo esikhalayo sokugcwalisa izikhala futhi sinikeze ukwesekwa okuyisisekelo ezakhiweni zomhlabathi. Ukwakhiwa okuhlukile kwe-bentonite, i-clay evamile, kuvumela ukugcina amanzi nokuhlanganiswa okuphezulu, kanti ukufakwa kwe-cement kuqinisekisa ukuthi i-grout iqinile, kudala umgibeli onamandla wokumelana nokukhukhuleka komhlabathi nokungena kwamanzi. Ekuqwashiseni, ama-grout e-bentonite-cement asetshenziselwa ezinye izinhlelo ezahlukene emkhakheni wezinqaba ezijulile nezobunjiniyela bezehlakalo. Akanye, awusizo kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwamashatshisi aphenyiwe, ama-pile aphene, kanye nezindonga ze-diaphragm, lapho edlala indima yokuzinza kwe-borehole ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa nokuvimbela ukuh collapse. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zindawo zisetshenziswa ezinzuzweni zokuphucula umhlaba, njengokugrouta ukuze kuzuze ukusimama komhlabathi kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwe-hydraulic, lapho ikhono lazo lokugcwalisa izikhala nokuhlanganisa umhlabathi ohlanga kungenza kube kubaluleke kakhulu. Izinhlobo zesipho se-bentonite-cement zifaka izinhlelo zokuhamba nokuqhubeka kwangaphansi, lapho zisiza ukuphatha amanzi omhlaba nokwenyusa umhlabathi ongazinzile. Izincazelo ezivamile zama-grout e-bentonite-cement zifaka ukudluliselwa kwe-bentonite clay ne-Portland cement, ngokuvamile kuhlanganiswe nezithako zokuphucula ukusebenza. Ubukhulu bamanzi ku-cement ingxenye ebalulekile ethinta ukusebenza kwe-grout nokwakheka kwayo kokugcina, ngokuvamile ihlale phakathi kwezinga le-0.4 ukuya ku-0.6 ukuze kuzuze imiphumela engcono. Ukuhlanganeka kwe-grout kubalulekile futhi, njengoba kufanelekile ukuba kube khona ukudluliswa okufanele nokugcwalisa izikhala ngaphandle kokuhlukaniswa okweqile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abanjiniyela bavame ukuhlola amandla okuphoqelela kwe-grout, okujwayelekile kutholakale phakathi kuka-2,000 kuya ku-5,000 psi, kuye ngezidingo zephrojekthi ethile. Lapho kukhethwa ama-grout e-bentonite-cement ophrojekthi, kuzodingeka kuthathelwe phezulu izinkomba ezithile. Imibandela yezobunjineli kanye nezinsika zomhlabathi zikhona endaweni yephrojekthi, zidlala indima enkulu ekukhetheni uhlelo olufanele, njengoba inhlanganisela ehlukene yomhlabathi ingase ifune ama-mixers akhethekile. Ukwengeza, umgomo ohleliwe—noma wenza ukwesekwa kwesakhiwo, ukuphathwa kwamanzi, noma ukuguqulwa komhlabathi—kuzothinta ukukhethwa kwezithako kanye nezakhiwo ezifunwayo ze-grout. Izinsuku zephrojekthi nezinto ezithinta imvelo, njengezinga lokushisa nokuqhwa, nazo kufanele zicaciswe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuhle nokwakhiwa okukhona. Ngamafuphi, ama-grout e-bentonite-cement ayinsiza ebalulekile emkhakheni wokwakhiwa kwezimfundamakhaya ezijulile nasebunjiniyela bezehlakalo, anika ukwesekwa okuphezulu kanye nezindawo eziguquguqukayo ezihlukahlukene. Ukwakhiwa kwawo okuyingqayizivele nezici zawo kwenza kube lula ukufanelekela emaphrojekthini ahlukahlukene, kusukela ekwesekeni izisekelo kuya ekuphuculeni umhlaba. Ngokuthola izincazelo nezinkomba zokukhetha lezi zindawo, ochwepheshe bangaqinisekisa imiphumela empumelelweni emizamweni yabo yokwakha, begqugquzela ubumbano kanye nesikhathi sempilo yazo ezakhiweni ezakhiwe ezimweni zomhlaba eziyinkimbinkimbi.