Amathreileri aphansi

Ama-trailer aphansi, azknownwa nangokuthi ama-lowboy noma ama-drop-deck trailers, ayizindawo zakho ezikhethekile zokuhamba ezinzima eziklanyelwe ukuhweba imishini enkulu, enzima, kanye neyesikhumbuzo seziqalo ezinzulu. Njengemishini eyisisekelo esiza ekwakheni izisekelo, ama-trailer aphansi asebenza njengoxhumano olubalulekile phakathi kwezakhiwo zokukhiqiza imishini, izindawo zephrojekthi, nezindawo zemishini. Umsebenzi wabo omkhulu uwukuhambisa ngokuphumelelayo izinjini zokubhoboza, ama-vibratory pile drivers, ama-hydraulic hammers, izinhlelo ze-casing, izinsiza zokubhoboza ezimaphakathi necrane, kanye nezinye izinsiza ezikhethekile zokwakha izisekelo ezedlula usayizi ojwayelekile wokuhamba kwezimoto nezinsizakusebenza. Ukuphakama kwe-deck ephansi—ngokuvamile phakathi kuka-1.2 no-1.5 metara ukusuka ezingeni lomhlaba—kwenza kube lula ukufinyelela imishini emide ngenkathi kugcinwa ukuhlonishwa kwesisindo se-axle esivumelekile nokuhlonishwa kokuphakama komthwalo ezindaweni zomgwaqo zomphakathi. Ama-trailer aphansi asetshenziswa kuyo yonke imisebenzi yokwakha izisekelo ezinzulu, kuhlanganisa imiklamo yokufaka odongeni be-diaphragm, ukwakhiwa kwe-secant piles, odongeni be-sheet piles, izinhlelo zokugrouta ze-jet, kanye nokwakhiwa kwezingxenye zomhlaba-nomphako-bentonite (SCB). Ukuguquguquka kwabo kubalulekile kakhulu ekuhambiseni ama-kelly stems anzima, ama-heads okubhoboza, kanye nezinhlelo zokuqhuba ezihlobene nezinsika ezinkulu. Ama-trailer akwazi ukuthwala izimo zemishini ezithunyelwe ngokwawo noma ezihanjiswa, anezikhala ze-kingpin ezilungisekayo nezinhlelo zokuhambisa umthwalo ezilungiselelwe imithwalo engalingani noma engahlukanisiwe. Ngokwenziwa, ama-trailer aphansi asebenza njengezindawo zokuthwala umthwalo asebenzisa izimo ze-multi-axle—ngokuvamile kusuka kwama-2 kuya kwama-5 axles—anezinhlelo zokuphakela ezihambisana ne-hydraulic eziklanywe ukuze kudambiswe amandla adlulayo ngesikhathi sokuhamba phezu kwemithambo eyahlukeneyo. Izinhlelo ze-air suspension noma ze-mechanical suspension zihlukanisa imithwalo yemithwalo ngokulinganayo phakathi kwama-axles ukuze kugcinwe ukuzinza ngesikhathi sokwandisa, ukuphumula, kanye nezinguquko zom方向. Ukuphakama kwe-deck okungashintshashintshi kumamodeli athile kungahlangabezana nemishini enezikhala ezahlukene zomhlaba, kanti ama-axles aphakanyisiwe noma ama-tag-axles kumakhalipha amakhulu kukhuphula ikhono eliphezulu lokuthwala ku-40–60 tonnes naphakade. I-structure ye-trailer ifaka ama-I-beam athuthukisiwe noma ama-frame ebhokisi akwazi ukumelana nemithwalo egxilile eyenziwa ngamaphuzu-okuthinta aphezulu ezinsikeni zokubhoboza nezifakwe zamahhashi. Izimo ezijwayelekile zama-trailer aphansi zifaka amamodeli aphansi anokuvumelana kokuphindaphindwa kwemishini, ama-gooseneck design anikeza ukusebenza kahle kakhulu ezindaweni ezinzima ezibhakabhakayo noma ezicindezelwe, kanye namamodeli anokuphakama kwe-deck okungashintshashintshi okwenza kube lula ukusebenza kokulayisha nokukhulula ngaphandle kwe-cranes zangaphandle. Izinhlobo ezikhethekile zifaka izinhlelo ze-hydraulic ezilawulwa kude, izinhlelo zamasondo ezihlanganisiwe zokuphepha zamafashini okumbhoboza, kanye nezinhlobo ze-axle ze-tandem-wheel noma ze-dual-wheel ukuze kutholakale ukuhlukaniswa komthwalo okujabulisayo ezifakwe ngempela ezindaweni ezithambile eduze kwezindawo zephrojekthi. Izindlela zokukhetha ama-trailer aphansi zifaka izilinganiso ezinkulu zokuhlola isisindo sezimoto (GVWR) mayelana nezikhumbuzo zemishini ethwalwayo, ubude nobubanzi be-deck obuhambisana nemiphumela yemishini, ukuhlonishwa kokuhlukaniswa kwesikhumbuzo sokuxhumana nemithetho yezokumisa yesifunda, uhlobo lwe-suspension oluhambelana nezimo ze-terrain, kanye nezithiyo zokuhamba ngaphakathi kwezigaba zokufinyelela. I-geometry ye-trailer, kuhlanganise nezinga lokungena nokuhamba, isikhala se-kingpin, kanye namandla okuzihambela kufanele kuhlangabezane nezindawo ezijwayelekile zokwakha izisekelo ezinamathuba aphansi nezindlela zokungena ezilinganiselwe. Izindinganiso ezithinta ukuklama, ukukhiqiza, nokusebenza kwama-trailer aphansi zifaka i-ISO 3691-4 (Ithrekhi zezimboni—ukuphepha) ngenxa yokuzinza kokuphathwa komthwalo, i-EN 12642 (Ukuphepha kwemishini yokuhambisa) ngenxa yokwakheka okubumbene, i-DIN 70020 (Usayizi wezithuthi namathweku) ukuze kuhlonishwe imithetho yomgwaqo waseJalimane, kanye nezindinganiso ze-API 2A zemisebenzi ze-offshore. Ukuhlonishwa kwemithetho ye zikhangiso zomphakathi mayelana nokuhlukaniswa kwezithuthi zomgwaqo, ubude bezezimoto jikelele, kanye nemikhawulo yobubanzi kubalulekile ukuze kutholakale ukuhamba kwemishini eduze kwemingcele eYurophu.