I-Cluster DTH Systems

Izinhlelo zokuhamba ze-Cluster Down-The-Hole (DTH) zimelela ubuchwepheshe obuphambili bokuhamba obwakhiwe ukuze bakhe izimbobo ez hlubukhulu, eziphakeme zokuphuma emhlabeni ezinhlelweni zokuthuthukisa umhlaba nokuqinisa ngaphansi komhlaba. Ngaphakathi kcontext yezingodo zomhlaba nezingubo zokuphuma, lezi zinhlelo zivumela abakhi ukuba bafeze izinhlelo zokuhamba eziphelele, lapho amaqembu amaningi okuhamba ukusebenza ngakunye, okwandisa ngokuphawulela izinhlelo zephrojekthi zokwakha ezinkulu zokuhlanza umhlaba. Izinhlelo zokuhamba ze-Cluster DTH zisetshenziswa emikhakheni eminingi yemisebenzi yokwakha izisekelo ezijulile. Emsebenzini wokuhamba kwe-jet grouting, zidalwa inethiwekhi yezimbobo ezidingekayo zokwakha amaphethini wokufaka amavesi amaningi ekwakhiweni kwezingubo zokuphuma, lapho amakhilomitha amancane adala izithiyo eziqhubekayo. Zisekela ukwakha izindonga ze-secant ne-tangent ngokuhamba kwabobo ukuze kube lula ukufaka ama-pile nokuhlukanisa umhlaba. Ohlelweni lwezindonga ze-soil-cement-bentonite (SCB), lezi zinhlelo zinikeza ukuhamba okuphumelelayo kokufaka izindonga eziqhubekayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwakheka kwe-cluster kusebenza ezinhlelweni zokuxubha umhlaba, lapho amakhilomitha amaningi omhlaba aqinisiwe kumele akhiwe ukuze kufezwe ubude obudingekayo obuphakeme nokuhamba. Umsebenzi wezimoto ubandakanya ama-DTH hammer units amaningi afakwe ngendlela eyodwa ye-rig frame, ngayinye ikhuluma ngokuzimela - ithungela nge-compressed air ethunyelwe kumasistimu obunjiniyela obuphakathi. Ngaphandle kokuhamba okujwayelekile kwe-rotary noma kokwenza ngezintambo, ama-DTH hammers asebenza ebusweni be-bit, ethumela amandla okuphula ngqo ngaphansi komhlaba. Lokhu kwaziwa kakhulu kokuhamba kuthuthukisa ukukhiqiza ngokuhambisa umthwalo phakathi kwezimbobo eziningi kuyilapho kugcinwa amazinga okuhamba afanayo nezinga lekhwalithi ye-cavity. Abasebenzi bahlanganisa ukuhamba kwesesha ngokuqondanisa ingcindezi nezilawuli ze-feed ezihlukile, okuvumela amajamo aphelele ezimbobeni ngamasikhawu anembile. Izinhlelo zezimoto zihluka ngokwezidingo zephrojekthi. Izinhlelo ze-cluster ezijwayelekile zinezingalo ezi-2-6 ze-DTH hammer units, ezivamile ukuba nezilinganiso ze-DTH ezivela ku-75mm kuya ku-165mm, ezifakwe ezindaweni zokuhamba ezikhethekile noma kwiphaneli ye-CAT. Umthamo we-compressor uvamise ukuba phakathi kuka-600 kuya ku-1,200 CFM, nezinhlelo ezinamandla aphezulu (250-350 psi) zithumela ukuhamba okuhle ezimvume ezifanele. Izinsiza eziwusizo zifaka phakathi ama-manifolds aphakathi ukuze kuthunyelwe umoya, izikhala ezizimele zomjikelezo wokulawula ubude, kanye nezinhlelo zokuphatha ama-rod ezihambisana nepipeline ejwayelekile (6-1/4" noma 7-7/8" ububanzi). Izinhla zokukhethwa kwezinhlelo ze-cluster DTH zibhekisisa izidingo zokuhamba ubude, amandla okwakha, izidingo zokuma nezimo zamaphethini, ixesha lephrojekthi, kanye nemisebenzi yokusebenza. Abakhi bahlola umthamo we-compressor ngokuhambisana nokusebenza kwe-hammer okuhamba ngasikhathi sinye, ukusebenza kwemithombo yokondla ugesi ngezinsiza, kanye nokutholakala kwezingxenye ezisindayo. I-geology ye-formations ibaluleke kakhulu ekukhetheni i-hammer—izindonga ezophukile nezindawo zomhlaba zimema ama-hammers amancane, anomthwalo ophakeme, kanti izindonga ezinamandla zinaka ama-designs amakhulu anomthelela ophakeme. Izidingo zokukhanya kwezimboni (nevamile ukuya ku-75-115mm zokuhamba) zinquma izincazelo zama-hammers nokumiswa komoya. Izindinganiso zezimboni ezihlawulela umkhuba wokuhamba kwe-cluster DTH zikhumbula i-ISO 11500 (ukuphepha kwezinsiza), i-EN 12716 (ukuhamba ezindlini), ne-API RP 65 (izindlela ezinhle zokuhambela). Izindinganiso zezwe ezihlanganisa ne-ASTM D7491 zibhala izincazelo ze-ikhwalithi ye-cavity, kuyilapho i-DIN 4126 ibeka izidingo zokuhamba kwe-jet lapho izimbobo ezikhuphukile nge-DTH zisebenza njengezindlela zokufaka. Abakhi kumele bagcine amarekhodi wokuhamba abhalela ubude bezimbobo, izikhala, izincazelo ze-formations, nezilinganiso zomoya ukuze bohlale benza ukuphumeza nezidingo ze-designs nezidingo zokuhlukanisa izidingo zephrojekthi.