Irig yi-Crawler esekwe ku-Jet Grouting

Izinsiza ezenzelwe ukwakhiwa kwemijondolo enezisekelo ezijulile zihlala zisebenzisa ama-rigs wokugroutinga ama-jet adonswayo, ezenzelwe ukwenza ukufakwa okuqondile, okuphezulu kwengcindezi yegroth ukuze kuthuthukiswe umhlaba nokwenziwa kuhle kwi-engineering yesisekelo esijulile. Lezi zinhlelo ezihamba ngamathrekhtha zihlanganisa izinhlelo zokufaka ezinembile nezindawo zokwakha ezihambayo, zenza ukuphathwa kwendawo ye-soil ekunokwenzeni ngokuphelele nezindawo ezinzima lapho ama-rigs avamile wokulawula okungeke akwazi ukusebenza kahle. I-jet grouting yakha inethiwekhi yezinsika ze-soil-cement ngokusebenzisa inqubo yokususa kanye nokufaka ngesikhathi esifanayo, ithuthukisa kakhulu izakhiwo ze-geotechnical zomhlaba ozungezile ngesikhathi sokuqinisekisa ukufinyelela nemikhawulo yokusebenza ezindaweni zokwakha. Izicelo eziyinhloko zokusebenzisa izinsiza zokugroutinga ze-jet ezisetshenziswe kumathrekhtha zifaka phakathi ukwenziwa kokwakheka kwemikhumbi engaphansi, kufaka phakathi izingubo zokulahla nezingozi ze-grout ezisebenza njengezingdiya ze-hydraulic ukulawula ukugeleza kwamanzi phansi kwedamu, ngaphansi kwezindonga ze-sheet pile, kanye naku-mikhosi ye-diaphragm. Lezi zinhlelo zenza kahle kakhulu ekwakheni izinsika ze-soil-cement ezizimele ezandleni ezithuthukisa amandla okuphatha kakhulu ezindaweni ezididayo, zigcine umgudu wokuphakama, futhi ziqhubele phambili ukwesekwa okuhle kokwakhiwa okuvamile nakwezikhathi ezithile eziphansi. Izicelo ezengeziwe zifaka phakathi ukuhlanganiswa kwe-soil ukuze kuthuthukiswe isisekelo, ukulungiswa kwama-strata aphansi atholwa ngesikhathi sokwakha izinsika, futhi ukuqina kwezisekelo ezikhona lapho izimo ezingaphansi zibe nezinkinga noma zicabangeleka phansi ngesikhathi semikhosi yokwakha. Indlela yokusebenza ihilela ukufaka uhlelo lokufaka olwenziwe ngezinyathelo eziningi lapho ama-jet alungele ukuphuma kwephakethe eliphezulu noma i-grout (invamile isebenza kumaphuzu aphakathi kuka-300 no-600 bar) akhamizela futhi ashiyeke izinto ze-soil ngesikhathi esifanayo efaka igroth esisekelweni se-cement noma i-grout eyenziwe ngokukhethekile. Ama-nozzles okukhipha, avamile ukuba endaweni yeziqu zomsebenzi, akhishwa ngezigaba ezilawulwayo njengoba igroth ingena, akha izinsika ezijulile ezithuthukisiwe zempahla. Izinhlelo eziyinhloko zifaka kuphela i-cement slurry, kuyilapho izinhlelo eziphindwe kabili neziphethwe kathathu zifaka ama-jet amanzi okuhlanga nofakazela i-grout yokubopha, kunikeza ukulawula okwandile ngaphezulu kwezikhala nezici zokuqina zokugcina. Izinhlelo zakamuva ezise-jet ezenzakalayo zifaka izimo ezihlukahlukahlukene ze-mast, zivumela ukufakwa okuthuthukisiwe kusuka ezicini eziphansi eziseduzane nezisekelo kuya ezijulile ezingaphezu kwama-30 metres. Izinsiza jikelele zifaka phakathi ama-unithi wamandla ahlanganisiwe (ama-diesel noma ugesi), izinhlelo zokufuna ezilawulwa ngengcindezi ezinemisebenzi yokukala ukuhamba, ama-mechanisms okuphakanyiswa okuphezulu, kanye nezinhlelo zokuhlola ezisebenzisa i-computer ezirekhoda imigqa yengcindezi, ukusho kwevolumu ye-grout, nokuhamba kobude. Ama-platforms akhululekile ayalinganisa ama-2 kuya ku-4 metres ububanzi, avumela ukufakwa kumakhaya, ngaphansi kwezindawo zokuhamba, nezindlela ezikhawulelwe lapho ama-rigs ajwayelekile aqondiswe emphakathini engahambisani nezinhloso. Izinkombandlela zokukhetha izinsiza zokugroutinga ze-jet eziphakanyiswa kumathrekhtha zibalulekile ekwakheni okwakhiwe komhlabathi, isilinganiso sezinsika ezifunwa nobubanzi bazo, ubude obufunwayo, isikhala esitholakalayo, kanye nesikhathi sokukhiqiza. Ochwepheshe bahlola izilinganiso zengcindezi ngokuya ngemvume yemhlabathi, amandla e-grout nokuhlanganiswa, isivinini sokuhamba nezinga lokuhambisa, ukuphakama kwemast, kanye nomthwalo wesistimu yokulandela. Izici zemvelo ezihlanganisa amazinga noise, ukudluliswa kokudlidliza, kanye nephatha yokubuyisela i-grout kuthonya ukukhethwa kwezinsiza ezindaweni zasemadolobheni. Ukuqokwa kufanele kuhambisane ne-EN 14679 (Ukuqedela kwemisebenzi ethile ye-geotechnical — Jet grouting) kanye nokuhlelwa kwemithetho yasekhaya, okuyizinto ezibeka izinqubo ezijwayelekile zokubhaliswa kwezimo zezinsika, ukuqinisekisa izinga ngama-jersey okuhlola, ukuhlinzekwa kweze-grout, kanye nezinsizakalo zokunciphisa umthelela kwemvelo. Abasebenzi bezinsiza badinga ukufaka isiqinisekiso ngokuya ngestandards ze-geotechnical engineering zikazwelonke, kanye ne-integrity yesistimu ye-pressure kufanele ihlangabezane nezidingo eziwusizo ze-pressure equipment directive.