Izitshalo Nezicucu Ze-Jet Grouting

Izitshalo ze-jet grouting kanye nezinhlelo ziyizinhlelo ezikhethekile eziklanyelwe ukulungisa, ukucindezela, nokufaka igwebu le-cementitious noma le-chemical ngesikhathi esiphezulu kakhulu emhlabathini ukuze kudalwe amakholomu omhlabathi-cement noludonga oluqhubekayo. Lezi zinhlelo zempahla zibalulekile ku-engineering ye-deep foundation yanamuhla, zivumela ukuthuthukiswa komhlabathi, ukulawulwa kwamanzi angaphakathi, nokwandiswa kwesisekelo sokwakha ezimeni ezinzima zezizinda. Izitshalo ze-jet grouting zingumgogodla wezobuchwepheshe zohlelo lwe-jet grouting, ziguqula igwebu elivamile libe yindlela yokufaka enezinga eliphezulu elikwazi ukushintsha futhi ixube nomhlabathi okhona ezindaweni ezijulile nasezicindezelweni ongaphezulu kwamakhono avamile okugwebu. Ezinhlelweni zokufaka ezijulile, izitshalo ze-jet grouting zisetshenziswa ukuze kudalwe imigoqo yokugxadla ethinta ukuhamba kwamanzi angaphakathi, stabilizing umhlabathi ogcwele amanzi, nokuvimbela ukuhlanganiswa ezindaweni ezinezimo zokushintsha. Zisetshenziswa kakhulu ekuvuleni izisekelo ezikhona, ukudala izindonga ze-secant ne-tangent pile, stabilizing ama-slopes, kanye nokuthuthukisa amandla okufaka ezindaweni zomhlabathi ezithambile. Ekwakhiweni kwe-diaphragm wall, izitshalo ze-jet grouting zingasiza ekwelapheni umhlaba ngaphambi kokumba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ziwumsebenzi obalulekile emisebenzini yokuziqhuba, ukukhulisa umhlabathi eduze kwezinsiza ezingezansi, nokugcwalisa izikhala eziphansi kwezakhiwo ezidinga ukuhamba kabusha. Umthetho ophathelene nezitshalo ze-jet grouting ugxile ekuqinisekiseni ukufaka igwebu eliphezulu ngokucindezelwe. Igwebu lilungiselelwa ezihlanganisweni ezine-paddle noma ezine-colloidal mixers eziqinisekisa ukujolisa okuhlanganisiwe kwe-slurry. Amampompo athathelwa phezulu acindezela igwebu ukuze uthole izinga lokusebenza elivamile elijolise phakathi kuka-200 kuya ku-600 bar, nakuba izinhlelo ezikhethekile zingathola izinga eliphezulu. Igwebu elicindezelwe lilethwa kumathuluzi e-jetting monitors—amathuluzi okufaka akhishwe ezikhungweni zokumba—athumela ukuhamba komswakama ngokuqondile ngezikhukhula ezincane, kwakha i-jet ehambisana nezinhlayiya zomhlabathi futhi ibeke igwebu ezikhala ezidalwe ukuhamba kwe-jet. I-jetting monitor iyahoxiswa kancane njengoba ikholomu ikhuliswa, futhi umphathi uyakwazi ukuhlela ukuphenduka nokuhoxiswa ukuze afeze umumo wekholomu oyinhloko nokuhlanganiswa. Ukwakhiwa kwezimpahla ze-jet grouting kuhluka ngokuya ngezimfuno zokusebenza. Izinhlelo ze-single-fluid zifaka igwebu eliphezulu kuphela futhi zifanele izindawo ezihlanganisiwe. Izinhlelo ze-double-fluid zixuba umoya ohlanganisiwe ne-jetting, zithuthukisa ukuhamba kwamandla nokufaka ukujula, okungcono kakhulu emhlabathini ongunyaziwe. Izinhlelo ze-triple-fluid zifaka i-jet yamanzi ehlukile, ezinika ukulawula okuphezulu kwekholomu nezinga lokufaka. Izitshalo zokuxuba zihluka ukusuka ezikhungweni ezihamba ngebhayisikili ezifanelekile ezindaweni ezincane kuya ezinhlelweni ezimile ezikwazi ukuphatha amaphrojekthi amakhulu. Izinhlaka zamampompo zisebenzisa amaphampu e-piston, amaphampu e-screw, noma ama-jet pack aggregates, ngamunye unikeza izici ezihlukene zokucindezela-volumu ezihambelana nezimo zomhlabathi ezithile nezilinganiso zamaphrojekthi. Ukukhetha izitshalo ezifanele ze-jet grouting kuthintwa nezinqumo eziningi zobuchwepheshe: ukujula kokufaka okudingekayo kanye necindezela okukhombisa umqondo wombala womhlabathi nokuchwepheshe; izakhiwo zegwebu, ikakhulukazi i-viscosity kanye nezici zokuhlanza; izimfuneko zomzimba wekholomu; izinga lokukhiqiza elilindelekile; kanye nendawo yokufinyelela ukuze kubekwe imishini. Abakhiqizi kufanele bacabangele ukusabalalisa usayizi wezinhlayiya zomhlabathi, ukujikeleza, nesimo sokugcwaliswa lapho bethola ukuthi ngabe i-single-, double-, noma i-triple-fluid jetting ifanelekile. Ukunyakaza kwemishini kuba kubalulekile ezindaweni zedolobha noma emaphrojekthini anokulinganiselwa kwesikhala. Izindinganiso zezimboni ezilawula ukusebenza kwe-jet grouting zifaka i-EN 12716, echaza izincazelo, izimiso zokwakha, nezidingo zokusebenza ze-jet grouting ku-engineering yomhlaba. I-ISO 4465 inikeza umhlahlandlela ngezincazelo kanye nemikhuba yokugwebu. Abahlinzeki bemishini baphawule i-DIN 4125 ukuze bagcine izidingo zokucindezela igwebu futhi bagcine ukuhambisana nezidingo zabakhiqizi mayelana nocindezela okuphezulu kokusebenza nezikhawu ze-rheological zegwebu. Ukuqeqeshwa kwezobuchwepheshe kudinga ukufaneleka komphakathi, izinqubo zokwakha ezinohlonze, kanye neqinisekiso eliqinile lekolomu ngokusebenzisa amarekhodi okubumba nezifundo zobuchwepheshe zamasampula atholakele.