Izinsiza Zokubhoboza I-Jet Grouting Eziqondile

Amarhwebo e-jet grouting afakwe ezisekelweni zamadzinyo okumba aphethe i-jet grouting ephezulu umsebenzi wabo uhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe be-jet grouting obuhlukile nobukhulu bokwakha nezikhala zokuhamba ezitholakala ezinkundleni zokumba ezihlosiwe. Lezi zinhlelo zibalulekile ku-injiniyering yeziqini ezijulile zanamuhla, ikakhulukazi ezicelweni ezidinga ukwakha kabusha umhlaba, ukuvimbela amanzi, noma ukulungiswa komhlabathi kumaphrojekthi wezobuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene okuhamba kusuka kokuphetha izinhlobo zezimali ukuya ekuthuthukisweni kwezinsiza ezinkulu. Isekelwe sokumba se-anchor sisebenza njengendawo eyakhelwe inhloso eqinisekisa ubuqiniso bendlekazo edingekayo, ukusatshalaliswa kwamandla e-hydraulic, kanye nokuzinza kokusebenza okudingekayo ukuze kusebenze izinhlelo ze-jet grouting ezilawulwayo. Izinhlelo ze-jet grouting ze-fluid eyiqanda, kulolu hlobo, zisebenza ngokufaka i-slurry ye-cementitious enezinga eliphezulu emhlabathini ngokusebenzisa izinjini ezivunyelwe kahle, ngokuvamile ezikwazi ukujula phakathi kuka-200 no-600 bar kuye ngesimo somhlaba nobude bokwelashwa obuhlosiwe. Umjikelezo we-jet ophakanyisiwe uthakazelela futhi uthakathaza ama-particles omhlabathi ajikelezayo, atholakala ngokuhlanganiswa ne-grout efakwe kumakholomu omhlaba ophumelelayo. Le nqubo idala izithiyo noma izigaba zokuthuthukiswa komhlaba ngaphandle kokuthi kudingeke ukukhipha umhlaba, okuwenza kube nentshisekelo enkulu ezindaweni eziminyene zedolobha nezindawo ezibucayi zokuphuma kwamanzi. Izicelo eziyisisekelo zaleli qembu lemishini zifaka phakathi ukwakha ama-curtain okulawula amanzi emhlabeni ekwakheni izinqaba nasekuvuselelweni kwezithombe, ukuqinisa umhlaba eduze kwezinsiza eziphakeme nezinsiza ezisezingeni eliphansi, ukuvimba ukuhamba kokungcoliswa komhlaba, ukuqinisa izinsiza ezihambayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe umthwalo wokuphatha, nokwakha izindawo zokuxhaswa kwesakhiwo ngaphansi kwezinsiza ezikhona ezidinga ukugxiliswa. Le mishini ikhombisa ukusebenza kahle ezihlahleni ezahlukene zomhlaba, kusuka kumagxolo alula nomhlaba omncane ukuya kumatshe ahlanzekile nezimpande eziphakeme, nokwelashwa kukholomu kudinga ukujula okungama-0.6 kuya ku-1.5 amamitha kuye ngezici zomhlaba kanye nezimo zokupompa. Izimo zemishini ezitholakalayo kuleli qembu zihluka ekwakhiweni kwamamast, amandla okujikijela, ukuhamba kwemifantu, kanye nemikhawulo ejulile yokumba. Izinhlelo ze-fluid eyodwa zihlala zisebenzisa amaphampu e-piston akhulayo anokukhipha kwe-variable ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukumiswa kwezinga lokufaka kuzo zonke izinhlelo zokwelashwa. Ezinye izinhlelo zifaka amabhodi ashisayo ahlinzeka ngemiklamo yokufaka ejikelezayo noma ejikelezayo ngokugcwele, okuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokuhlanganisa nokuhlangana kwamakholomu. Abanye bephendukela ezindaweni zokufaka ezi-static ezihambisana nokuhamba kwezinga. Ukuhlola i-grout kungase kube kusuka kumaki phakathi nendawo ukuya ezindaweni ezijikelezayo, nezinhlaka zemigqa eziklanywe ngokukhethekile zokufaka izinhlelo zefluid eyodwa lapho i-jet enephambili ye-erosive ne-grout edidiyelwe kube ngesikhathi. Izici zokukhetha uma kuthengwa imishini zigxila ekudindeni okudingekayo, izithombe zomhlaba, izici ezifunwa ze-diameter ye-kholomu, ubuningi bokusetshenziswa kwe-grout obuhlonziwe, izithiyo zokufinyelela endaweni, kanye nezimo zomhlaba. Ababhali kumele bahlaziye amandla epompo ngokumelene nezinsuku zokwelashwa, ukuphakama kwamast uma kuqhathaniswa nezinga lokwelashwa eliphezulu, nokumila kwezinkundla uma kuqhathaniswa nezomnotho. Ukuhlukaniswa komhlaba—ikakhulukazi amandla okugqamisa angahlanzekile nokufinyelela—kubalulekile ukufaka umphakathi wengcindezi ye-jet nezinkanyezi ezitholakalayo. Izindinganiso zezimboni ezilawula ukuklanywa, ukuhlinzekwa, kanye nokulawula kwezinga zifaka i-EN 12716 (Ukuphathwa kwemisebenzi ye-geotechnical ekhethekile—Jet grouting), i-EN 14679 (Ukuxubha okujulile), i-EN 1997-1 (Eurocode 7—Ikhono lee-geotechnical), i-ISO 6913 (Izincazelo ze-grout), kanye ne-DIN 4093 (Izindinganiso ze-grouting). Lezi zindinganiso ziba nezidingo zokumisa amandla e-grout, izinqubo zokuhlola ubumsulwa bekholomu, kanye nezinyathelo zokugcina izinga eziza kubaluleke ukuze uthobele izinqubo neminyaka emide yezenzo ezithembekile.