Ithuluzi Elithile Lokuhamba

Ithuluzi elikhethekile le-Walking Frame liqukethe izixhumi ezihlukile, izinhlelo ze-nozzle, kanye nezisetshenziswa zokusebenza ezihlanganiswe nezinsimu ezihambayo ze-walking frame ukuze kwenziwe imisebenzi ye-jet grouting emisebenzini yokwakha ngezinqaba ezijulile nokuthuthukiswa komhlabathi. Lezi zinsiza ziwumgogodla obalulekile phakathi kwehlelo lokupompa lokugrouta nomhlabathi,okuvumela ukufakwa kwe-jet okugijima kahle ukuze kudalwe imithala yokuhlungela umhlabathi-noma umhlabathi we-bentonite, izindawo ezimenyiwe, noma izingxenye zokwakha. Ama-walking frames anikeza ukuhamba nokulawula okuqondile okuphezulu okudingekayo ukuze kusebenza kahle kwe-jet grouting ngezinga elikhulu, futhi ithuluzi elikhethekile linquma kokubili ikhwalithi nokusebenza kahle kokwelashwa. Ithuluzi le-walking frame jet grouting lisebenza ezimeni eziningi zokwakha ezijulile nokwakha umhlabathi: ukudala imithala yamadiyafamu nezindwangu zomjikelezo zokugcina izihlungi noma ukulawula ukuhamba kwamanzi emhlabathini, ukwakha imithala ye-secant ne-tangent yokugcina umhlaba ngokwesikhashana nangokuphelele, ukwenza imisebenzi yokuhlanganisa umhlabathi ukuze kuthuthukiswe umhlaba ngaphansi kwezakhiwo, nokwakha izindwangu zomjikelezo zokwakhiwa kwemibhoshongo kanye nezicelo zokumba. Ukuqina kwempahla ye-walking frame kuvumela ukusabalala ezindaweni ezihambile ezibucayi, ezindaweni ezihlakalayo, kanye nasemakhakheni amakhulu okwelapha lapho izinsiza ezibambekayo zokubhoboza zingaba nokungabazeki. Umqondo wokusebenza ubandakanya i-rig ye-walking frame— ngokuvamile izigijimi ezizenzekelayo kumathrekhi noma kumageja— ephethe ipompo ye-grouting kanye ne-monitor ye-jet (ukuhlanganiswa kwe-nozzle okujikelezayo noma okukhazimulayo) engathathelwa phezulu futhi yehliswe ngamanzi ukuze ifinyelele ezindaweni ezithile. I-monitor ibekwe phezu komhlaba futhi yehliswa kumphumela ofanele ngesikhathi ipompo iletha i-grout enezinhlangothi ezinzima (evamile 200-400 bar) ngemijikelezo emincane ekhuhla futhi ixube umhlabathi ozwelonke. Njengoba i-nozzle iphakanyiswa noma ijikijelwa, ikholomu ye-jet grouting iyakhiwa ukusuka ezansi iya phezulu, yakha izikhala zomhlabathi-noma umhlabathi-wokwakha ezijikelezayo noma ezihlukanisiwe. I-walking frame uqobo "ihamba" - iyanda kancane emkhakheni wokwelapha - ukuze kudalwe amakholomu ahambelanayo noma izithiyo eziqhubekayo, kulandela okukhuluma okuhleliwe okwenziwa ngezinsiza zokuhlola nezinhlelo zokubheka ukujula. Izinsiza ezibalulekile kuleli thuluzi zifaka phakathi ama-monitor amancane (i-jet eyodwa) kanye nezinhlelo eziningi (imizila eminingi kuma-engeli ahlukahlukene), amakhanda e-nozzle ajikijelayo futhi ajikijela, izipompo ze-grouting ezi-high-pressure triplex noma quintuplex, amanethiwekhi amakhulu nezincane ezithulile, izixubho ze-grout nezithunywa, izisetshenziswa zokulinganisa ukujula nezokurekhoda (ama-piezometers, ama-inclinometers, ama-pressure transducers), izinhlelo ze-casing nezepipe ezihlowo, kanye nezinhlelo zokuhweba zedatha yekhwalithi yokuvimbela. Amakhanda okukhipha akhethekile kanye nezixhumi ezijikayo zikhona ukuze umhlaba wezinsiza ezidinga amandla okukhipha athuthukile. Izikhala zokukhetha ithuluzi le-walking frame zikhombisa izidingo ezithile zephrojekthi: isimo somhlabathi namandla, ukujula okudingekayo nokudlula kokhonkolo, imfuneko yokuhlinzeka imithala ehlelekile kanye nezincane ezenzakalelayo, ukulawulwa kokungcoliswa kanye nemikhawulo ye-grout rebound, indawo yokusebenza etholakalayo nokufinyelela, izidingo zekhono lokukhiqiza, kanye nokunciphisa izindleko. Ukukhethwa kwamandla epompo kuncike kum pressures ye-jetting kanye namazinga okuphuma; ukukhethwa kwenhlobo ye-monitor kubonisa izimo zomhlaba nezidingo zomjikelezo ze-kholomu; futhi ubuchwephesha bezinhlelo zokubheka bahlukahluka ngokuhambelana nezidingo zokwazi indawo. Izindinganiso ezihlobene zifaka phakathi i-EN 12716 (Ukuphothuliswa kwemisebenzi ethile ye-geotechnical—Jet grouting), i-EN 14679 (Amakholomu agxilile ajulile), i-EN ISO 6379 (I-Grout ye-pre-stressed kanye ne-reinforced concrete—Izincazelo), kanye ne-API RP 65 (Izindlela zokwakha kwe-cement yempahla yokumba). I-DIN 4093-1 (Jet grouting) inikeza eminye imihlahlandlela yokwakha ngesiJalimane. Ukuhambisana nalemigomo kuqinisekisa ukuthi i-grout iyakhawulelwa, kuphathwa ikhwalithi ngendlela ehlelekile, futhi kusebenza umjikelezo wokwelapha oluphindaphindiwe.