Izikhonkwane (Iphakethe/I-Roller)

Amathuluzi we-plate kanye namarola acacile abe yizinsiza ezibalulekile ekuhlinzekeni ngemlimi nokuqalisa imisebenzi, ikakhulukazi emisebenzini yeziqeshana ezijulile nezokwakha ama-pile. Lezi zinsizakusebenza zokucindezela zenzelwe ukuhlanganisa izinto zomhlabathi ukuze kuhlomule izidingo zedensiyithi ezishiwo, ukuqinisekisa amandla okuphatha afanele kanye nokuzinza kwezici zokwakha ezilandelayo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zisetshenziswa ekwelashweni komhlabathi ngaphambi kokufakwa kwepileyiko, ekusebenzeni kokugubha ngemva kokufaka, noma ekuhlomuleni kwezinhlaka, ama-compactors play indima ebalulekile ekufezeni izimo zokwakhiwa komhlabathi ezibekwe ochwepheshe bokwakha nezinhlelakaruni. Inqubo yokucindezela uqobo ibandakanya ukuhlanganiswa okwenziwa ngamakhenikha kwezicucu zomhlabathi, kunciphisa izikhala ezingenalutho futhi kwandise ukuqiniswa komhlabathi, okuqondile kuthinta ukusebenza kanye nezinsuku zokuphila kwezisekelo, izikhonkwane zomhlaba, kanye nezakhiwo ezicacisiwe nge-geosynthetic. Ama-plate compactors, aqhamuka kumayunithi alula okuhamba-ngeze, iye emathafeni aphakeme wokudansa, adlula kahle ezindaweni ezivulekile, emigudwini, nasezindaweni ezincane zokusebenza ezivamile emisebenzini yeziqeshana zasedolobheni nokufakwa kwezinsiza. Ama-roller compactors, akhona ngokuqinile kanye nezimo zokudansa, anikela ngokuqhubeleka okuphezulu kwezindawo ezinkulu zokusebenza kanye ne-compaction ye-emabank. Bobabili laba bahlukanisi beqinisekisa izinhlelo zokudansa ezivusa izicucu zomhlabathi kumasasa ajwayelekile phakathi kwezingu-25 nezingu-80 Hz, okwandisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kokuhlanganiswa komhlabathi uma kuqhathaniswa nokugubha okungapheli kuphela. Ukukhetha phakathi kwe-plate kanye ne-roller compactors kuncike ezintweni eziningi ezibandakanya izithiyo zesiza, ukuhlukaniswa komhlabathi, ubukhulu bokucindezela obudingekayo, kanye ne-thickness ye-lift ehleliwe. Imhlabathi ehlanganiswayo—ama-clay kanye nepulver—iyaphendula kahle ekuhlanganiseni okungapheli noma kwe-frequency ephansi, kuyilapho imhlabathi egranular—ama-sand kanye nezicucu—ithola inzuzo emkhakheni ophakeme we-vibratory. Ukuqukethwe kwamanzi emhlabathini kuthinta kakhulu impumelelo yokucindezela; okuqukethwe okungama optimala kukhombisa ukwenziwa okuphezulu kwi-density okuncane kakhulu, umgomo owenza kahle nge-Proctor testing evamile eyenza ukuba kwaziwe izinhlelo zokusebenza nezindlela zokusebenza ezisebenzelana nezindawo ezisebenzayo. Ukufakwa kweziqeshana ezijulile, kubandakanya ukujova ama-pile kanye nomsebenzi we-micropile, kuvame ukufuna ukucindezela okulawulwayo ezindaweni ezifakwe ukuze kucinywe izikhala, kuvinjeze ukushelela, futhi kubuyise ukuqiniswa komhlaba ezindaweni eziphukile. Ezinhlelweni zokuxhasa ngama-geosynthetic, ikakhulukazi uma kuhlanganiswa ama-geogrids noma ama-geotextiles ekuhlambeleleni, ukucindezela okufanele kuqinisekise ukuthi izixazululo zomkhiqizo zihlala ziseduze nomhlabathi ozungezile, kukhula ama-angles e-friction kanye namandla okuphatha adingekayo ukuze kube nezinsiza zokuphepha zokwakha. Ama-roller kanye nama-plate compactors afinyelela lezi zihloko ezibalulekile ngokugcwalisa ngokulandelana izinto ezisemzimbeni ezibekwe ngokulawulwa, ngokujwayelekile phakathi kwe-150 kuya ku-300 millimetri, phakathi kwezindawo zakwa-emabank, kufayela lokufika kumabhulogi, kanye nezakhiwo zomhlaba ezaziqinile. Amathuluzi wokucindezela anamuhla abandakanya izinhlelo ezihlanganisiwe zokudansa ezine-frequency modulation, evumela abasebenzi ukuthi bathuthukise ukusebenza kwezinsuku ezahlukene zomhlabathi ezitholakala ezimweni zezinto ezihlukahlukene ze-geo. Ukukhethwa kwemishini yemisebenzi ethile kulungisa izilinganiso zokukhiqiza ngokuya ngezikhala zokusebenza; ama-plate athanda umsebenzi wokulungisa kanye neziqulatho ezikhawulelwe kumagudwini ezisekelo, kuyilapho ama-roller athwala ngokuphakathi kokuhamba angasebenzisa imisebenzi emikhulu yokuhlola izimfuno nezilungiselelo zemhlaba. Izinhlaka zokulawula ngokuya ziya zidinga ubufakazi bokucindezela obubhalwe phansi ngezivivinyo ze-density—ama-gauges e-nuclear density, ama-sand cones, noma ama-dynamic cone penetrometers—okwakha ubufakazi bokuthi ukucindezela okukhona kuhambisana nezincazelo nezimfundiso zokwakha izisekelo.