Imigudu Nezikhonkwane

Ithuluzi lokwakha futhi izinsiza zokusebenza zibonisa izingxenye ezibalulekile zomkhiqizo kwezemisebenzi ye-micropiling, zisebenza njengendawo eziyinhloko zokuhambisa uketshezi lokugonda, ukuhlinzeka nge-grout, nokusekela ukwakhiwa kwesakhiwo ngesikhathi sokufakwa kwemifantu ejulile. Ku-geotechnical engineering, lezi zinhlelo ezikhethekile zenza kube nokulawula nokuphathwa okuqondile kwezithombe phakathi nenqubo yokugonda ye-micropile, ikakhulukazi ezimweni zomhlaba eziyinkinga lapho izindlela zokugonda ezijwayelekile zingasebenzi kahle noma zingasebenzi. Amaph pipe wokugonda aphezulu, izinhlelo ze-casing, kanye nezixhumi ezinamandla ziqinisekisa izikhukhula ezizinzile, ivimbe ukuphahlazeka kwekhabhathi, futhi kube nezithiyo ezifunekayo zokuhlanganiswa kwezitaka nezindlu. Izinhlelo zamapayipi asetshenziswa kwi-micropiling kumele zithwale ukucindezela okuhlukeneyo kwe-hydrostatic, izimo zomhlabathi ezikhuphukayo, kanye nemijikelezo yokulayisha okuthembekile okujwayelekile emsebenzini wezinsiza ezijulile. Lezi zingxenye zenza isisekelo sokwakha kwe-micropile, noma ngabe usebenzisa ukugonda kwe-rotary, ukugonda kwe-percussion, noma izindlela zokuhlanganisa ezifanele izindawo ezimaphakathi, izindawo eziyingozi, nezindawo ezinomthamo ophansi. Ukukhetha nokufaka ama-pipe afanele kanye nezinsiza zokusebenza kuye ngaleso sikhathi se-subsurface, izincazelo zokwakha ze-micropile, nezinkinga zephrojekthi. Ku-clay ethambile nase-silt, i-casing yesikhashana enokuqhutshwa nge-grout ngama-hoses igcina ubuqotho beborehole futhi ivimbe ukujika. Ezindaweni ezinamathafa ama-granular kanye nezinsimbi ezivele zikhanya, ama-drilling rods anezinhlaka zokuqhuba angama-flush hose athuthukisa izinga lokungena ngenkathi ukuphatha amanzi angaphansi komhlaba nokuphatha udonga lwe-borehole. Amaphupho e-tremie kanye nezinhlelo zokuhambisa umoya ngezokudla zibalulekile kumasevisi e-tremie grout, ziqinisekisa ukufakwa okuqhubekayo kwekhonkrithi ngaphansi kwamatafula wamanzi noma emhlabeni ongenasici. Izinsiza zokukhipha umoya ezinamandla zithwala upephelo lwe-grouting olufika ku-200 kuze kube ku-400 bar noma ngaphezulu, kuye ngesakhiwo somhlabathi nezixhumi zokwakha. Izinhlelo ezifanele zokuxhuma, izincazelo zamathread, kanye nezolimo eziqinisekisa ukuvikelwa kwesakhiwo zibaluleke kakhulu ukuvimbela ukumiswa komoya nokuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kwesakhiwo phakathi kwezigaba zamapayipi ezilandelanayo. Izinsiza zokuhlinzeka ngamanzi, ama-pipe wokuphakamisa umoya, nezinhlelo zokuhambisa zandisa umsebenzi wezinsiza ze-micropiling emisebenzini yokwehlisa amanzi nokwakha umhlaba okwandisayo obala emisebenzini ejulile. Izicelo ze-micropiling zifaka phakathi umsebenzi wokwakha izisekelo, ukufaka izinguquko ze-seismic ezakhiweni ezikhona, kanye nokwakha umhlaba ezindaweni ezinomkhawulo wokufinyelela noma izinkinga zokuphakamisa. Emisebenzini yokuvuselela zasemakhaya, ama-micropiles asekelwe ezinhlelweni zokuhambisa ama pipe athuthukiswe kahle adlulisa imithwalo ngaphezulu kwemithi ethambile ukuze asebenze ne-bedrock efanelekile, okuvumela ukwakhiwa ezindaweni ezazingenakufinyelelwa ngaphambili. Izimo zomhlaba zifaka phakathi isihlabathi esingabamba amanzi, izindawo eziphahlazekile, kanye nezinsizakusebenza ze-organic zidinga izinhlelo zokuhambisa ezikhethekile zokwakha izinsiza noma ukuhlinzeka ngegrout. Ezindaweni eziyingozi ze-brownfield, ama-pipe aphelisiwe avimbela ukuhleleka phakathi kwamazinga omhlabathi ngenkathi igcina ubuqotho beborehole. Ukuhambisana phakathi kwamaph pipe wokugonda, ama-hoses anokuphakela okukhulu, nezinhlelo zokuxhuma ezinzima kwenza i-micropiling ibe iphakamiso elingabiza kahle eine zezimali kunenkolo ezijulile, ikakhulukazi lapho ama-auger piles noma ama-piling aqhuba iziphumo ezingamukeleki zokuvusa, umsindo, noma ukuphazamiseka komhlaba. Ukukhethwa kwezinsiza kugxila ekufaneni nemigomo ye-diameter ye-micropile ethatha phakathi kuka-150 no-300 mm, ubude bokugonda obungama-30 meters noma ngaphezulu, nokusebenza ezimweni zobunjalo ezihlukene ezidinga izinhlelo zokugonda ezilungiselelwe nezokuphathwa koketshezi ngesikhathi sokufakwa.