Ukugcina Uphethiloli

Ukwakhiwa kwezindawo zokugcina uphethiloli kudinga ukuhlela kahle indawo nezindlela zokuzinza emhlabeni ezibalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukufakwa okuphephile futhi okuhambisana nemithetho kwezinhlelo zokugcina imikhiqizo ye-petroleum. Abakhandi bezisisekelo ezijulile bathatha umsebenzi oyiqondayo wokulungiselela izisekelo zokugcina uphethiloli, okubalwa ama-tank ezigubhu eziphakeme nezisezingeni eliphansi, kuhlanganisa nezinhlelo zokugcina ama-hydrocarbon eziklanyelwe uphethiloli, i-diesel, uphethiloli bezindiza, nezimpahla zemikhakha yezokwakha. Umsebenzi wezokwakha nezokuhlinzeka isisekelo nokuhlelwa komhlaba ophelele kwezindawo zokugcina uphethiloli kufaka phakathi ukuziqhuba komhlaba, ukuthuthukiswa komhlaba, izinqubo zokukhulula amanzi, nokulungiselela izindawo zokusekela izinhlelo zokugcina ezinomthamo omkhulu okungase kube nesisindo esikhulu uma zigcwele. Ukuhlela kahle indawo kuqinisekisa ukuhambisana nemithetho yokuvikelwa kwemvelo, kuvinjezela ukuvuza kobhedu emhlabeni ogijimayo nasemanzini angaphansi, futhi kugcina ubuqotho bokwakhiwa kwezokugcina kuyo yonke icala lesikhathi sokusebenza. Izinsiza zokukhulula amanzi nezinsiza ezengeziwe ezisetshenziswa ekuhlinzekweni kwezindawo zokugcina uphethiloli zifaka phakathi ama-pump afakwa emanzini, ama-pump okuphakela, izinhlelo zokubopha, nezindlela zokukhulula amanzi ezisusiwe ezikhipha ukungaphezulu kokujabulisa nokwehlisa izinqwaba zamangqamuzana emhlabeni ukufinyelela ezindaweni ezidingekayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukufakwa okuphephile kwezigubhu. Abakhandi basebenzisa izinsiza zokupompa ezifana nama-pump e-rotary screw, ama-pump e-peristaltic, kanye nama-pump ezintambo ukuphatha ukumiliselwa kwamanzi ngesikhathi sezigaba zokumba. Ezindaweni ezinamazinga amanzi aphakeme noma ezikhathini zokuv flooding, kumqoka ukuhlinzeka ngamanzi ngokuqhubekayo phakathi kokwakha ukuze kuqinisekiswe izimo ezizinzile zokugcina ngaphansi kwezikhukhula. Izinsiza ezikhethekile zokuhlola imhlaba, njengezinhlelo zokupompa, ama-pump wokufaka, nezindawo zokugeleza, zingase zisetshenziswe ukuthuthukisa umthamo wokuxhasa kanye nokwehlisa izingozi zokuhlala. Iziteshi zama-flocculant kanye nama-centrifuge zenza kube lula ukucaciswa kwamanzi nokuhlukaniswa kwezinhlayiya, kuvumela ukukhishwa kwamanzi apholile ahlangabezana nezindinganiso zemvelo. Ukukhetha izindlela zokukhulula amanzi kuncike ekudluliseni komhlaba, izinga lokuhamba kwamanzi angaphansi, ukuthinta kwemvelo, kanye nezinga namangqamuzana ethafa yokufaka izikhukhula. Izimo zomhlaba ezidinga ukuhlinzeka kwezindawo zokugcina uphethiloli zihluke kakhulu ngokuya ngendawo nemvelo ye-geological. Izindawo zingaba nezimpahla zekhasi, izisekelo ezinemifino, izendlalelo ze-silt, noma ama-profiles emhlabeni ahlangene akhuluma ngezinkinga zokukhulula amanzi nezokuzinza. Emaphikweni asezidalweni, amanzi angaphansi kwamanzi nephunga kokungqubuzana kudinga izixazululo ezikhethekile zokupompa nezindlela zokuvikela ukudabuka. Izisekelo eziphakeme noma ezindaweni ezine-gneiss ezishisayo zidinga izindlela zokumba ezithuthukiswe kumthetho omuhle. Ukuhambisana kwemvelo kwezakhiwo zokugcina uphethiloli kubalulekile, lapho abakhandi bethi bazisebenzisela izinhlelo zokugcina eziphindwe kabili, izindlela zokuvikela ukuvuza, nezinhlelo zokubheka amanzi angaphansi. Ukuhlanganiswa kwezinsiza ezikhethekile zokukhulula amanzi, ubuchwepheshe bokuthuthukisa umhlaba, kanye nokuphathwa okufanele kwezindawo kuqinisekisa ukuthi izikhungo zokugcina uphethiloli zakhiwe ezisekelweni zomhlaba ezilungisiwe kahle, ezizinzile ezivikela bobabili umsebenzi kanye nemvelo engaphandle kokungcoliswa nezingozi zokwehluleka komkhiqizo.