Izinhlelo Zokulinganisa I-Shotcrete Accelerator

Izinhlelo zokufaka umjikelezo wokuqhuba izinto ezishisayo zikaphalaphala zimele indawo ebalulekile ezinhlelweni ezisemodern zokuhambisa ukhonkolo okhethwe ngaphezulu kumaphrojekthi wokwakha izisekelo ezijule kanye nezinhlelo zokuthuthukisa umhlaba. Lezi zinhlelo ezikhethekile zilawulwa ukubeka kahle izithako zamakhemikhali ezishisayo kumix yokuhambisa, kuvumela ukusungulwa okusheshayo nokuqina kwangaphambili okubalulekile kumabhodi aphakanyisiwe, eziteshini, kanye nezokwakha ezingaphansi komhlaba. Izikhwama ezishisayo zisebenza ngokuguqula ngenhloso inqubo yokuhlanza i-cement, kuvumela ukhonkolo oluhanjiswe ngemijikelezo ukuthi lube yinsukwini ezisheshayo kunendlela ejwayelekile yokufaka ukhonkolo. Le msebenzi yokushesha ibalulekile kumasevisi adinga ukuvikeleka kwezindawo ngokushesha, ukunciphisa izinga lokubuyela, nokukwazi ukwenza amahlaka aphezulu ngaphandle kwezikhathi ezinde zokulinda. Izinhlelo zokufaka kufanele zilethe izishayo ngokunembile, njengoba ukufaka okungalungile kungathinta ukuqina kukakhonkolo, ukusinda, noma kudale ukungavikeleki komhlaba. Lezi zinhlelo zibalulekile emsebenzini wezisekelo ezijulile kuhlanganise nokwakha izindonga ze-diaphragm, ukufakwa kwezikhwama zamasoldiers, ukwesekwa kokumba kwe-micropile, kanye nokwakhiwa kwemigudu ye-caisson lapho izidingo zokweseka umhlaba zidinga ukufaka ukhonkolo osheshayo. Izincazelo zobuchwepheshe zempahla yokufaka izishayo ziqukethe ukulawula ukunyakaza, abakhethi bok pressures, kanye namapompo okuhlola abhalwe kumakhemikhali athile. Izinhlelo zakamuva zixhuma nezinsiza zokuhambisa ukhonkolo ukuze zisebenze kahle isikhathi sokufaka izishayo nezifinyela ukhonkolo, ziqinisekisa ukusatshalaliswa okufanayo kuwo wonke umjikelezo. Abasebenzi kumele balawule izigaba eziningi kuhlanganise nemigomo ye-water-cement, ukwakheka kwezishayo, ibanga lokuhambisa, kanye nephuzu lokufaka ukuze bathuthukise ukufaka ukhonkolo ezimweni ezinzima ze-geotechnical. Izimo zembewu nezemvelo zihlola izinqubo zokufaka—izimbewu ezihlwabusayo, izikhala ezingezinhle, nezinga eliphakeme lamanzi emhlabeni kudinga amaqondo okushesha ahlukile kunemigomo ewusizo, akwazi ukubamba izakhi. Izinhlelo kumele zisebenze ngokuthembekile ezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba ezinzima kuhlanganise nemisebenzi ye-tunneling ethokozisayo, izimo zokuthola eziphakeme, nezindawo ezingazezile ezinokukhanya okuncane lapho ukuphindela kwemishini nokwakhiwa kuhlala kubalulekile ekuphumeleleni kwephrojekthi. Izicelo zikhula emva kokubuka ezihlukene ezixhumanayo ezokwakhiwa kwesisekelo lapho ushazi lunikeza ukwesekela komhlaba okwesikhashana kanye nasekugcineni. Ekwakheni amagatsha ajulile, izinhlelo zokuthuthukisa ushazi zenza ukuvikeleka okusheshayo kwezindawo ezihlwabusayo, zigcina ukuqina kokuqina ngesikhathi sokwakha izikhumba zamadoli kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwama-basement. Iphrojekthi yama-tunneling ebhizinisini ibhalela lezi zinhlelo ukusizo ngesikhathi sokugcinwa kwendawo ye-tunnel, unciphisa ukuguquka nokugcina ukuphepha kokumba ezimayini ezinamahloni. Ukuthuthukiswa komhlaba okubandakanya i-jet grouting, ukuhlinzwa kwembewu, kanye nezimo zokwakha zokuxhumana kuvame ukufaka izishayo ze-shotcrete ukuze kufezwe izinto ezilula. Ukwakha ama-micropile kanye ne-mini-pile sekuphinde kubalulekile ukufaka isikhumba esisheshayo sokusebenza kokuqina kokuhambisa. Izicelo zezimoto zasemanzini nezizindeni zidinga izishayo eziphakanyisiwe zokumelana namanzi anysawini nendawo eziphakeme. Ukukhetha izinhlelo ezifanele zokufaka kuncike ezidingweni ezithile zephrojekthi kuhlanganise nezinga lokufaka, isikhathi sokwandisa ukuqina kukakhonkolo, izithiyo zemvelo, kanye nokuhambisana nemithetho yokwakha kanye nezindinganiso zemboni eziphakanyisiwe zokuqhuba izinhlelo zokwakha.