Izigaba ze-Header Pipe

Izigaba zezakhiwo zephayiphi ziyizithako ezibalulekile kumasistimu okuhluza amanzi e-wellpoint asetshenziswa kakhulu emisebenzini yokwakha izisekelo ezijulile kanye nezokwakha ezihlobene ne-geotechnical. Lezi ziphayi ezikhethekile zisebenza njengendawo yokuhlanganisa eyinhloko, iqoqela amanzi akhishwe ezindaweni eziningi ze-wellpoint futhi ayiholele ezikhungweni zokwelashwa noma zokukhishwa. Emsebenzini wezisekelo, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zokumba izinsiza, ama-cofferdams, nezakhiwo ezingaphansi komhlaba, izigaba zephayiphi zenza kube lula ukwehlisa umswakama wezamanzi ukuze kudaleke izimo ezizinzile nezomile zokusebenza. Lezi zinhlelo zenziwe ukuze ziphathe amanzi ahamba kahle kakhulu ngenkathi zigcina ukungamanga okujwayelekile kuyo yonke imithombo ehlobene, kuqinisekisa ukuhluza amanzi okuhle kulo lonke ububanzi bokumba. Izigaba zephayiphi ngokuvamile zenziwa ngensimbi noma impahla ye-polymeric eqinile ezilingana nokukhishwa okuhlanganisiwe okuvela ezindaweni ze-wellpoint, ngezincazelo ezivela ku-50mm kuya ku-300mm ububanzi kuye ngesisekelo somsebenzi kanye nezimo zamanzi aphansi. Ukufaka kuhilela ukubekezela okunembile emaphethelweni ezindawo zokumba, ngokunakwa okukhulu kumapheshana we-slope ahlinzeka ngokuhamba kwamanzi okungathathi hlangothi oluya ezindaweni zokuhlanganisa noma kumishini yokwelapha. Iziphayi zihlola nezindawo ze-wellpoint ngamasokheti okukhishwa eswazini esiguquguqukayo, zakha uhlelo oluvinjiwe olugcina ingcindezi engaphansi edingekayo ukuze kukhishwe amanzi. Izenzo zokuhluza zamanje zisebenzisa amasistimu e-vacuum kanye nokukhwabanisa okuhlangene namanethiwekhi ephayiphi, ngokwenza kahle ukukhipha amanzi ezimpandeni ezizimele nezixhunywe. Izicelo ziye zaphumelela ezimweni ezihlukahlukene ze-engineering yomhlaba okuhlanganisa umhlabathi onokuxhuma okuphansi, imsand, namadwala lapho ukuphuma okubanzi okwenziwa ngezandla kunganele. Ezindaweni ezinejoloji enobuqhawe—izendlalelo ze-clay, umhlabathi ohlangene, noma izimo ezithinteka kakhulu ekwehliseni umhlabathi—izinhlelo ze-wellpoint ezinezindaba zephayiphi ezihlelwe kahle ziqinisekisa ukulawula okunembile phezu kokwehla kwengcindezi ye-pore, kunciphisa ubungozi bokwehla kwezakhiwo ezithintanayo. Le techiniqe ibalulekile ekwakheni izisekelo ezijulile lapho ukujula kokumba kudlula emamethri angu-5 futhi izimpawu zamanzi phansi zidinga ukuphathwa isikhathi eside. Izigaba zephayiphi ezihlelwe ukuze zibe nezinyathelo eziningi zenza kube lula kubasebenzi ukuhlela izindawo zokukhishwa nezokuhlukaniswa kokugeleza njengoba ukumba kuqhubeka, kulungisa izimo ze-hydrogeological ezishintshashintshayo futhi kuqinisekisa ukuhluza okukhawulelekileyo, okuvikelayo. Abaklami abasebenzisa izinhlelo zephayiphi bathola izinzuzo ezibalulekile ekuphepheni kokwakha, ukuqinisekiswa kwesheduli, kanye nezindleko uma kuqhathaniswa neminye imithethonqubo yokuhluza. Ukukhula kwezinhlelo zephayiphi kuvumelana nezindawo ezincane ezilinganisiwe kanye nezinhlelo zezinhlaka ezinkulu, kusukela ekwakheni izikhala eziphansi ezindaweni zamaDolobha kuya ezigxotsheni ezinkulu ze-dam kanye nemigudu yokuhamba engaphansi komhlaba. Ukucaciswa, ukufakwa, futhi ukunakekelwa kwezigaba zephayiphi kudlulele ngqo emsebenzini ophumelelayo wokuhluza, ukuvimbela ukuwa komhlaba, ukuqinisekisa ukuvikeleka kwezinto, nokwenza kube lula ukwenziwa komsebenzi wezisekelo ezijulile ezimweni ezinzima zomhlabathi nendlela yokuphila kwe-hydrological.