Gidajen ginin secant suna wakiltar tsarin bango na diaphragm na musamman wanda aka yi amfani da shi sosai a cikin injiniyan tushe mai zurfi don rike ƙasa na dindindin da na wucin gadi, katanga ruwa, da tallafin ginin a cikin birane masu iyaka. Wannan fasahar tana da matuƙar muhimmanci ga ginin tushe mai zurfi, musamman a cikin ayyukan da ke buƙatar katanga mai inganci da ba ta tsallake ruwa ba tare da tasiri daga ƙarin nauyi a gefe ba, saboda ƙuntatawar sarari, manyan tef ɗin ruwa, ko bambancin ƙasa. Ana amfani da gidajen ginin secant a cikin aikace-aikace masu yawa na geotechnical ciki har da ginin bene a cikin yankunan birane masu cunkoso, tallafin hakar tashoshin jirgin ƙasa da tunkudewa, ginin cofferdam a cikin ci gaban ruwa, da tsarin katanga don sarrafa ruwa da kuma tsare gurbataccen abu. Wannan fasahar tana da matuƙar amfani a cikin yanayin ƙasa mai laushi, tsarin ƙasa mai layi, da yanayi da ke buƙatar ƙarancin girgiza—kamar ayyukan da ke kusa da gine-ginen tarihi masu laushi ko muhimman ababen more rayuwa. A cikin wuraren masana'antu da aikace-aikacen shara, gidajen ginin secant suna aiki a matsayin katanga don tsare gurbataccen abu, suna haɗa tallafin ginin tare da rarrabewar ruwa. Ka'idar aiki tana haɗa da hakar jerin manyan (ba tare da ƙarfafawa ko na sadaukarwa ba) ginin siminti a cikin tsari na yau da kullum, sannan a bi da ginin siminti na biyu wanda aka ƙarfafa wanda aka sanya don yanke da haɗa da manyan ginin da ke kusa. Yayin da ake shigar da ginin na biyu, simintin sa yana shiga cikin kayan ginin na farko, yana haifar da haɗin gwiwa da kuma gina bango mai ɗorewa da ci gaba. Wannan tsarin haɗin gwiwa na ci gaba, wanda yawanci ke tsakanin milimita 75 zuwa 150 bisa ga buƙatun ƙira, yana bambanta gidajen ginin secant daga gidajen ginin tangent, inda gidajen ginin da ke kusa kawai suna taɓa juna ba tare da haɗuwa ba. Aikin yanke da aka tsara da haɗin gwiwar siminti yana haifar da bango mai hana ruwa ko mai ƙarancin shaka, tare da ingancin gini daga ƙarfafawa a cikin gidajen ginin na biyu da kuma aikin haɗin gwiwa na jikin ginin da aka haɗa. Tsarin kayan aikin a cikin ginin gidajen ginin secant sun haɗa da injin hakar CFA, injin hakar ginin juyawa tare da tsarin isar da siminti ta hanyar tube tremie, da manyan injin kelly da aka haɗa da crane. Kayan tallafi sun haɗa da manyan na'urorin fitar da siminti, tsarin rufin ƙarfe na wucin gadi, cranes masu ɗaukar cage na ginin, da kuma tashoshin magani na slurry don ruwan tallafi na bentonite ko polymer. Kayan aikin musamman sun haɗa da kayan yanke da bits na gwaji da aka inganta don yanke cikin siminti da kayan da aka riga aka yi. Ka'idodin zaɓin fasahar gidajen ginin secant sun haɗa da tsarin ƙasa da ƙimar UCS, buƙatar kaurin bango da zurfin hakar, yanayin ɗaukar nauyi da buƙatun juyawa, tsarin ruwa da aikin sarrafa shaka, ƙuntatawar jin ƙara, da kuma samuwar sarari don ginin. Masana'antu suna kimanta diamita na ginin da tazara daga tsakiya zuwa tsakiya don cimma ƙarfin gini da ake so, suna la'akari da ƙayyadaddun ƙarfi na siminti (yawanci 35–50 MPa) don aikin yanke ginin da ke haɗuwa, da kuma kimanta samun damar shigar da cage na ƙarfafawa da kuma sanya siminti ta hanyar tremie. Ka'idodin masana'antu da ke kula da ginin gidajen ginin secant sun haɗa da EN 1538 (aiwatar da ginin ginin ginin), EN 12699 (shigar da ginin canji), ISO 14688 (rarraba ƙasa), da kuma ka'idodin DIN masu dacewa don tsarin katanga. Takardun ƙayyadaddun suna ambaton API RP 2A don aikace-aikacen teku da kuma ƙa'idodin ƙira na geotechnical na yanki da ke tsara mafi ƙarancin kaurin bango, ƙimar ƙarfafawa, ajin juriya na siminti, da ƙa'idodin aiki da ke tabbatar da ingancin gini da rarrabewar ruwa na dogon lokaci.
Masu hakar rotary da aka shirya don hakar kelly tare da casing suna wakiltar fasahar musamman a cikin injiniyan ginshiƙi mai zurfi, wanda aka tsara don gina ginshiƙai masu hakowa, bangon ginshiƙai na secant, da sauran abubuwan da aka ƙarfafa a ƙarƙashin ƙasa ta hanyar ƙalubale na ƙasa mai wahala yayin da suke kiyaye kwanciyar hankali na rami. Hanyar hakar kelly tare da casing tana haɗa ci gaban casing na ci gaba ko na rabi tare da hakar juyawa, wanda ke ba da damar shiga cikin dutsen da aka rarraba, ƙananan ƙasa mai shayarwa, da wuraren ruwa masu aiki inda hakar rami na gargajiya zai iya haifar da rushewar rami ko kuma canjin da ya wuce na abubuwan da ke sama. Wannan hanyar hakar tana da mahimmanci a cikin ginin bangon ginshiƙai na secant, inda ginshiƙai na ƙarfe na ƙarfafa da suka yi jituwa—kowane yana haɗuwa da na makwabta—suna samar da shinge mai ɗaukar nauyi ko katangar katanga. Tsarin kelly tare da casing yana da matuƙar mahimmanci ga bangon ginshiƙai na tangent, wasu tsarin bangon diaphragm, da kuma ganuwar katanga mai zurfi a cikin ayyukan da ke buƙatar sarrafa ruwa ko raba gurbataccen abu. Hanyar tana da amfani musamman lokacin da ake shiga cikin ƙasa mai haɗin gwiwa da dutsen rauni, ko lokacin da zurfin ginshiƙai ya zarce mita 30–40 kuma rashin kwanciyar hankali na ƙasa ya zama mai tsanani. A cikin aiki, kelly mai juyawa—wanda yawanci shine bututun ƙarfe mai hudu ko murabba'i—yana watsawa torque da ƙarfin ƙasa ga kayan aikin hakar da aka sanya a ƙarƙashin ci gaban casing. Yayin da kayan aikin ke hakar kayan, casing yana nutse a hankali ƙarƙashin nauyin kansa da ƙarfin tarawa daga tsarin jib na hydraulic, yawanci 200–500 kN dangane da diamita na casing da juriya na ƙasa. Juyin ruwa ko bentonite slurry yana cire yanka da kiyaye kwanciyar hankali na bango na rami. Nasara tana buƙatar daidaiton da ya dace: casing dole ne ya ci gaba a cikin sauri mai sarrafawa wanda ya dace da shigar kayan, yana hana gado a sama da kayan yayin guje wa rushewar sassan rami da ba a tallafa wa. Kayan aikin da ke cikin wannan rukuni suna da halaye na diamita na kelly (75–150 mm don yawancin rig na al'ada), ƙarfin diamita na rami (yawanci 600–1200 mm ko fiye), torque na juyawa (50–150 kN·m), da dacewa da tsarin kayan aikin hakar daban-daban da kasuwancin casing. Kayan aikin hakar da aka yi amfani da su sun haɗa da augers na ci gaba don ƙasa mai haɗin gwiwa, buckets na ɗaukar kaya don kayan granular da gawayi da aka haɗa, da chisels na roller-cone ko na percussion don shiga cikin dutsen mai wuya. Tsarin zamani yawanci yana haɗa haɗin gwiwar kelly mai sauri, sarrafa zurfin atomatik, da tsarin juyin ruwa da aka inganta don yanayin ƙasa. Tsayin mast, radius na juyawa, da ƙarfin tarawa suna tantance zurfin hakar mafi girma da akwati na aiki a cikin al'ada na pit na hakar. Ka'idodin zaɓi suna mai da hankali kan ƙasa da ake sa ran, diamita da zurfin ginshiƙai da ake buƙata, jadawalin samarwa, iyakokin sararin samaniya, da samuwar kasuwancin casing. Masana suna kimanta ƙarfin torque na kelly, ƙarfin tarawa, diamita na kelly, da dacewar saurin juyawa tare da tarin kayan aikin da aka tsara. Tsarin bututun ruwan sama da ingancin bearing suna da tasiri sosai kan amincin a cikin ayyukan da ke buƙatar ƙarfin torque mai yawa wanda ke buƙatar tsawon lokutan hakar. Ka'idodin da suka dace sun haɗa da EN 12716 (aiwatar da ginshiƙai masu hakowa), DIN 4128 (kayan aikin hakar rotary), da EN 1997-1 (zane na geotechnical), tare da takardun aikin da yawanci ke ambaton EN ISO 14688 (rarraba ƙasa) da EN ISO 22475 (samun samfur da auna ruwa).
Masu aikin hydraulic masu aiki da yawa da aka shirya don hakar kelly mai rufewa suna wakiltar wani muhimmin rukuni na fasahar gini a cikin sashen ginin bango da katangar katanga, wanda aka tsara musamman don aiwatar da katangar ginin secant pile. Wadannan na'urorin suna ba da hanyoyin hakar da suka dace ga masu kwangila wanda ke iya aiwatar da hanyoyin ginin tushe masu zurfi da yawa ta hanyar juyawa da ci gaba da rufin da kayan aikin hakar suna aiki tare, ta haka suna ba da damar gina katanga masu ɗaukar nauyi da kuma katanga na kulawa da ruwan sama a ƙarƙashin gine-ginen da ke akwai da kuma a cikin wuraren birni masu iyaka. Kayan aikin hakar kelly mai rufewa yana samun amfani a cikin fannonin ginin tushe masu zurfi da inganta ƙasa. Babban aikace-aikacen sun haɗa da gina katangar ginin secant pile don tallafi na gefe da kulawa da ruwan sama, hanyoyin juyawa na katangar diaphragm, katangar katanga don gyaran muhalli da ruwan da aka tsare, haɗa ƙasa da samar da ginshiƙan ƙasa-cement, da kuma aikin hakar micropile na musamman. Wannan fasahar tana da matuƙar amfani a cikin wuraren birni inda ƙaramin tasirin ƙasa da kulawa da tsaye mai kyau suke da mahimmanci, da kuma a cikin ƙa'idodin ƙasa masu rikitarwa inda yanayin ramin da ba a daidaita ba ke buƙatar goyon bayan rufin ci gaba. Ka'idar aiki ta na'urorin kelly mai rufewa tana mai da hankali kan juyawa da ci gaban juyawa na rufin rufin da ke juyawa da ƙananan kelly rods. Kelly—tubo mai kauri da ke watsa juyawa—yana watsa ƙarfin juyawa daga injin hydraulic da taron mast zuwa ƙwanƙwasa ko kayan aikin na musamman a zurfin. Rufin rufin da ke kewaye da kelly yana ba da goyon bayan bango na ramin da ke ci gaba da kuma ba da damar janyewar da aka tsara da ci gaban ruwa na hakar. Wannan ikon aiki biyu yana ba da damar hakar zuwa zurfi yayin da ake kiyaye kwanciyar hankali na rufin, fitar da ruwan ramin da aka daidaita, da kuma canza tsakanin matakai na hakar ba tare da buƙatar tsare-tsaren janyewar kayan aiki masu rikitarwa ba. Tsarin hydraulic yana ba da ikon sarrafa saurin juyawa (yawanci 10–100 rpm), matsin lamba na kelly (har zuwa 2500 kN), da ayyukan ci gaban/janyewar rufin, yana ba da damar sarrafa zurfi da kuma kulawa da hanya a cikin iyakokin da aka tsara. Muhimman tsarin kayan aiki a cikin wannan rukuni sun haɗa da na'urorin kelly masu rufewa na al'ada tare da mast mai tsaye wanda ya dace da samar da secant da diaphragm pile na al'ada, na'urorin da suka yi ƙanƙanta tare da mast mai jujjuyawa don wuraren da aka iyakance, da tsarin modular da za a iya daidaita su ga masu jigilar da aka sanya a kan hanya da kuma motoci. Babban nau'ikan suna haɗa da kayan aikin na musamman kamar kayan aikin ƙarƙashin rami don faɗaɗa ginshiƙan pile, tsarin isar da bututun tremie don sanya siminti, da kuma kananan kananan kananan don sake amfani da slurry. Zurfin hakar da ake da shi yana tsakanin mita 20 zuwa 80 dangane da ajin na'ura, tare da ƙimar torque mafi girma daga 200 zuwa 800 kN·m da diamita na hakar daga 0.6 zuwa 2.0 mita. Zaɓin kayan aikin hakar kelly mai rufewa yana dogara ne akan ƙayyadaddun bayanai na aikin da suka haɗa da zurfin hakar da ake buƙata da diamita, haɗin ƙasa da dutsen, sararin samaniya da wurin aiki, buƙatun ƙimar samarwa da aka auna a cikin mita na layi a kowanne canji, da kuma buƙatar gudanar da hakar a lokaci guda ko a jere. Injiniyoyi suna kimanta buƙatun ƙarfin na'ura, ƙarfi na mast, ƙarfin sarrafa slurry, da dacewa da tsarin lura da geotechnical da tsarin kula da inganci da ke akwai. Sanin masu kwangila game da takamaiman samfuran kayan aiki da samuwar sassan a cikin gida yana shafar yanke shawarar sayan kayan aiki sosai. Ka'idojin zane da inganci da suka dace sun haɗa da EN 1537 don igiyoyin ƙasa da aka daidaita da hanyoyin ramin da suka yi kama, ISO 22475 jerin don binciken geotechnical da gwaji, DIN 4128 don gina katangar diaphragm da ginshiƙan ƙasa-cement, da shawarwarin API don tsaro da hanyoyin aiki na na'urorin hakar. Masu aikin suna kuma ambaton ASTM D1143 don hanyoyin gwajin nauyin pile da aka daidaita don tabbatar da ingancin ginin katangar ƙasa.
Masu aikin hydraulic masu aiki da yawa tare da kananan juyawa biyu suna wakiltar wani rukuni na musamman na kayan aikin hakar tushe masu zurfi da aka tsara don gina katangar ginin secant pile da tsarin katanga masu kama da su daidai. Wadannan na'urorin suna ba da muhimmin aiki a cikin injiniyan geotechnical na zamani ta hanyar ba da damar shigar da jerin ginshiƙan siminti masu ƙarfi da aka tsara da kyau waɗanda ke aiki a matsayin katangar ƙasa mai ɗorewa don tsare ruwa, tallafi na tsari, da kuma juriya ga nauyin gefe a cikin zurfin hakar. Katangar ginin secant pile da aka gina tare da waɗannan na'urorin ana amfani da su a cikin ginin katangar diaphragm, katangar katanga, da tsarin riƙe ƙasa don tushe masu zurfi. Ana amfani da su sosai a cikin ginin dam, ayyukan metro da bututun ƙasa, hakar bene a cikin wuraren birni, da katangar tsarewar gurbataccen ƙasa. Wannan fasahar tana da matuƙar amfani inda kulawar ruwan ƙasa da ci gaba da tsari suke buƙatar a lokaci guda, ko inda yanayin ƙasa da iyakokin sarari ke hana hanyoyin daban-daban kamar hakar katangar takarda ko katangar diaphragm da aka sanya da tremie. Ka'idar aiki ta waɗannan na'urorin tana dogara ne akan ikon juyawa na biyu da aka bayar ta hanyar tsarin kananan juyawa biyu. Ana fara shigar da ginshiƙan farko a cikin tsarin da aka tsara ta amfani da kananan juyawa na na'urar don hakar ramin silinda zuwa zurfin da aka tsara, yawanci suna barin siminti mara ƙarfi ko ƙaramin ƙarfi a wurin. Ana sanya ginshiƙan na biyu don haɗuwa da ginshiƙan farko a cikin wuraren da aka ƙayyade, yawanci suna yanke kimanin milimita 100 zuwa 300 cikin ginshiƙan farko don tabbatar da ci gaba da tsari. Ana ƙarfafa ginshiƙan na biyu tare da cage na ƙarfe ko rebar, suna ƙirƙirar tsari mai ƙarfi da aka ƙarfafa juna. Tsarin kananan juyawa biyu yana ba da damar aiki mai zaman kansa ko haɗin gwiwa, yana ba da damar juyawa na rami ɗaya yayin da ramin da ke kusa yana fuskantar janyewar rufin, gina ƙarfin matsa lamba, ko sanya siminti, ta haka yana inganta lokacin zagaye da haɓaka sassaucin aiki. Nau'in kayan aiki a cikin wannan rukuni yawanci suna tsakanin ƙananan na'urori tare da diamita na ginshiƙan 600 zuwa 1,200 milimita zuwa manyan na'urorin da ke da ƙarfin hakar rami har zuwa 1,500 zuwa 2,500 milimita a diamita. Tsarin yana bambanta sosai dangane da aikace-aikace: wasu na'urori suna amfani da kananan juyawa biyu masu jere don jerin ginshiƙan kusa, yayin da wasu ke amfani da zane mai jujjuyawa wanda ke ba da damar juyawa a cikin wuraren da aka iyakance. Hanyoyin samar da wutar lantarki suna kasancewa diesel ko lantarki, tare da tsarin hydraulic da aka ƙayyade tsakanin 150 da 300 bar na matsin aiki dangane da zurfin hakar da juriya na ƙasa. Ka'idodin zaɓin kayan aiki sun haɗa da diamita da zurfin ginshiƙan da ake tsammani, sararin samaniya da wurin shigarwa, tsarin ƙasa da juriya na hakar (wanda aka bayyana ta ƙimar Gwajin Shiga na Standard da kimantawa ƙarfin dutsen), buƙatun ƙimar samarwa a cikin ginshiƙan a kowace rana, da kuma tsarin samar da wutar lantarki da ake da shi. Masu kwangila suna kuma buƙatar la'akari da damar shiga don rufin, cage na rebar, da tsarin isar da siminti. Ka'idodin da suka dace da ginin katangar ginin secant sun haɗa da EN 1538 (Katangar diaphragm), ISO 13104 (Hanyoyin hakar rami—Auna canje-canje), da ƙa'idodin musamman na aikin kamar DIN 1054 da API RP 2A don aikace-aikacen offshore inda katangar ginshiƙan ke ba da sabis na tsari a cikin wuraren ruwa masu zurfi.
Casing oscillators na'urori ne na musamman da ake amfani da su a cikin ginin bango mai zurfi da ginin bango na secant don sauƙaƙe shigarwa da cirewa na wucin gadi na ƙarfe. Babban aikin su shine yin amfani da motsi mai sauri na oscillatory (maimaitawa) a tsaye ko a kwance ga axis na casing, yana rage friction tsakanin casing da ƙasa da ke kewaye, bentonite slurry, ko tarin siminti a lokacin muhimman matakai na ginin bango. A matsayin muhimman sassa na tsarin ginin tushe na zamani, casing oscillators suna inganta ingancin aiki, rage lokutan zagaye, da kuma rage lalacewar tsarin ga panel na bango da aka kammala. A cikin ginin bango mai zurfi, ana amfani da casing oscillators musamman a lokacin fitar da casing bayan an sanya siminti. A lokacin shigar da bango na secant pile, suna taimakawa a cikin duka shigar da casing na farko da cirewa na ƙarshe, suna hana haɗin kai da haɗarin da za a iya faruwa lokacin da casings suka kulle ta hanyar friction ko tasirin shan iska. Hakanan ana amfani da kayan aikin a cikin aikin katanga da jet grouting inda strings na casing na wucin gadi ke buƙatar motsi mai kyau da aka tsara ba tare da juyawa ko canje-canje marasa kulawa da za su iya lalata ingancin slurry ko sabon tarin grout da aka haɗa. Ka'idar aiki tana dogara ne akan motsi mai sauri na maimaitawa—yawanci yana haifar da oscillations 10 zuwa 60 a kowace minti, tare da girman motsi daga milimita 50 zuwa 150—yana ƙirƙirar juyayi na juriya da matsawa a kan fuskar casing-ƙasa. Wannan oscillation yana karya haɗin haɗin kai tsakanin saman waje na casing da kayan da ke kewaye, a lokaci guda yana rage juriya na friction da inganta motsi na sama ko ƙasa. Daidaitaccen oscillation tare da saurin cirewa ko shigarwa da aka tsara yana tabbatar da motsin casing mai laushi, yana rage gurɓataccen a cikin pour na siminti, da kuma kare panel na bango da aka riga aka shigar daga motsin gefe ko fashewar tsarin. Casing oscillators na zamani na'urori ne na hydraulic, wanda aka sanya kai tsaye akan jagoran ko Kelly bar na babban rig na hakowa/ginin bango. Sun ƙunshi silinda na hydraulic tare da taron piston na musamman wanda ke haifar da motsin oscillatory, wanda aka ba da ƙarfin ta hanyar tsarin hydraulic na rig wanda ke aiki a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba wanda yawanci ke tsakanin 200 da 280 bar. Wasu tsarukan sun haɗa da vibratory oscillators waɗanda ke haɗa juyawa da motsin oscillatory na layi don inganta ingancin cirewa a cikin yanayi masu wahala tare da haɗin kai mai yawa ko layukan ƙasa. Ka'idodin zaɓin casing oscillators suna mai da hankali kan diamita da kauri na casings da za a sarrafa, buƙatar yawan oscillation da girman, ƙarfin hydraulic da ake da shi daga babban rig, yanayin ƙasa (haɗin kai da granules, kasancewar ruwa mai ƙarfi), da zurfin shigarwa. Kayan aikin dole ne su dace da ƙarfin ɗaukar nauyin rig da ƙayyadaddun tsarin hydraulic; ƙananan oscillators suna zama marasa tasiri, yayin da manyan na'urori na iya haifar da ƙarfin gefe mai yawa wanda ke lalata panel da ke kusa. Abubuwan yanayi da suka haɗa da yanayin ruwa, ƙasa mai ƙarfi, da buƙatun aikin musamman suna shafar zaɓin. Ayyukan casing oscillator yana bin ƙa'idodin ISO, DIN, da EN da suka shafi kayan aikin ginin tushe mai zurfi, musamman EN 1538 (Aikin aikin geotechnical na musamman—Bango mai zurfi), ISO 6934 (Kayan ƙarfe na waya don lif), da DIN 4124 (Hanyoyin hakowa da aikin ƙasa—Ka'idodin tsaro). Takaddun shaidar kayan aiki, takardun nazarin tsarin, da hanyoyin aiki dole ne su bi ƙa'idodin ginin yanki da ƙayyadaddun ƙira na geotechnical da aka kafa a lokacin matakan injiniya na daki-daki.
Casing rotators na'urori ne na hydraulic ko na'ura waɗanda ke ba da juyawa ga strings na casing yayin aikin hakowa a cikin ayyukan ginin tushe mai zurfi. A cikin mahallin ginin bango na secant pile, waɗannan na'urorin suna da mahimmanci a cikin tsarin hakowa wanda ke ba da damar juyawa da ci gaba a tsaye na tubes na casing na wucin gadi ko na dindindin, buƙatar asali don kiyaye daidaiton ramin da cimma daidaitaccen geometry na pile a cikin yanayi masu wahala na geotechnical. Babban aikace-aikacen casing rotators shine a cikin aiwatar da bangon secant pile, inda aka shigar da piles na siminti masu ƙarfi masu jujjuyawa don ƙirƙirar bangon gini mai ci gaba don tallafawa hakar bene, daidaiton ƙasa, da katanga mai zurfi. Hakanan ana amfani da su a cikin ginin bango mai zurfi, musamman lokacin da ake amfani da hanyoyin hakowa na casing maimakon tsarin jagorar bango na gargajiya. Ƙarin aikace-aikace sun haɗa da aikin jet grouting da aka sanya a kan tsarin casing, samar da ginshiƙan haɗin ƙasa da siminti, da kuma a cikin wasu aikace-aikacen bango na sheet pile inda hanyoyin hakowa na juyawa ke inganta ingancin shigarwa da kulawa da tsaye a cikin ƙasa mai rauni. Ka'idar aiki ta casing rotator tana haɗa da canza ƙarfin hydraulic ko na'ura zuwa juyawa mai ci gaba wanda aka yi amfani da shi ga string na casing ta hanyar na'urar jagoranci da aka sanya a saman. Rotator, wanda aka saba sanya a kan kelly ko mast na rig na hakowa, yana haɗa kai tsaye da casing ta hanyar na'urar jagoranci wacce ke riƙe bututun. Yayin da casing ke juyawa, friction tsakanin waje na casing da ƙasa, tare da aikin yanke na casing shoe (matsakaicin yanke ko ƙarfi a ƙasan casing), yana karya da cire kayan ƙasa, yana ba da damar ci gaba a ƙasa ƙarƙashin matsin lamba na rig. Wannan juyawa da ci gaba a lokaci guda yana hana ramin rami, yana kiyaye tsaye, da kuma rage haɗarin canjin casing a cikin yanayi masu rauni na geotechnical. Casing rotators suna samuwa a cikin tsarukan da aka tsara ta hanyar tsarin hakowa da buƙatun diamita na casing. Hydraulic rotators, wanda shine nau'in da aka fi amfani da shi, suna haɗa da planetary gearboxes ko hanyoyin juyawa kai tsaye waɗanda ke bayar da torque daga 10 zuwa 150+ kilonewton-meters (kN·m), wanda ya dace da diamita na casing daga milimita 300 zuwa 1500. Tsarin hannu ko na'ura mai aiki da kai suna bawa aikace-aikacen diamita ƙanana. Interfaces na na'urar jagoranci suna karɓar ƙa'idodin casing na API na yau da kullum da tsarin haɗin gajeren lokaci na musamman. Zaɓin kayan aikin casing rotator mai dacewa yana buƙatar tantance abubuwa da yawa. Diamita na casing da aka yi tsammani da torque na hakowa, wanda aka tantance ta hanyar haɗin ƙasa, zurfi, da ƙirar casing shoe, suna wakiltar manyan la'akari. Samun ƙarfin rig—duka yawan ƙarfin hydraulic (litoci a kowace minti) da ƙarfin matsin lamba—dole ne ya dace da ƙayyadaddun rotator. Bukatun aiki da suka haɗa da tsayin kai da aka yarda, saurin juyawa (yawanci 5 zuwa 30 RPM), da dacewa da tsarin jagorar rig da aka riga aka kafa suna shafar zaɓin kayan aikin sosai. Dorewa a cikin yanayi masu guba ko ƙasa mai ƙarfi, juriya ga gajiya, da ingancin seal suna da mahimmanci ga ingantaccen aikin hakowa. Ka'idodin da suka dace don aikin casing rotator sun haɗa da ISO 20475 (buƙatun tsaro don kayan aikin hakowa), ƙa'idodin DIN da suka dace don injinan hydraulic, da ƙayyadaddun aikin musamman da aka bayyana ta masana'antun tsarin casing da tsarukan rig. Bin doka yana tabbatar da tsaron mai aiki da kuma ingantaccen aikin hakowa a cikin yanayi masu rauni na geotechnical.
Masu hakar rotary da aka shirya tare da tsarin kelly da kuma masu ƙara torque suna wakiltar wani rukuni na musamman na kayan aikin ginshiƙi mai zurfi da aka tsara don ayyukan hakar rotary masu ƙarfin gaske a cikin yanayi mai wahala. Wadannan rig suna da mahimmanci wajen ginin bangon ginshiƙai na secant, wata hanya ta inganta ƙasa wanda ke amfani da ginshiƙai masu hakowa da suka yi jituwa—duka ginshiƙai na farko (ƙarfafa siminti) da na biyu (ba tare da ƙarfi ba)—don ƙirƙirar katanga mai tsari. A cikin mahallin Bangon ƙasa da Ganuwar katanga, masu hakar kelly tare da casing suna aiki a matsayin babban dandamali na hakar don shigar da layukan ginshiƙai na secant, waɗanda ke aiki a matsayin katangar rufewa ko katangar ɗaukar nauyi a cikin zurfin hakar, ginin ƙasa, da aikace-aikacen sarrafa ruwa. Ka'idar aiki na hakar kelly tare da casing tana dogara ne akan kelly rods masu hallow, murabba'i ko hexagonal waɗanda ke juyawa a cikin casing na ƙarfe mai kariya. Casing yana raba kelly daga bango na rami, yana hana haɗin kai kai tsaye da rage asarar friction yayin hakar. Masu ƙara torque—wannan tsarin watsawa na inji—yana ƙara ƙarfin juyawa da aka samar ta hanyar ƙwanƙwasan rig, yana ba da damar hakar mai kyau a cikin ƙasa mai kauri, cobbles, da dutsen rauni waɗanda za su wuce ƙarfin torque na asali na rig. Wannan fa'idar inji tana ba da damar kwangila su kiyaye saurin hakar da kwanciyar hankali yayin da suke sarrafa nauyin torque mai yawa, wanda ke da matuƙar mahimmanci lokacin da ake shiga cikin tarin kankara, dutsen da aka yi wa juyawa, ko ƙananan gawayi da aka haɗa wanda aka saba a cikin aikace-aikacen ginshiƙai na secant. Masu hakar kelly tare da casing a cikin wannan rukuni yawanci suna da ƙarfin wutar rotary daga 40 zuwa 300+ kNm, tare da zurfin hakar da ke kaiwa 40 zuwa 60+ mita. Tsarin yana bambanta bisa ga ƙirar mast (telescopic ko na gargajiya) da diamita na casing na kelly (yawanci 127 zuwa 168 mm), yana ba da damar diamita na bututun hakar daga 88 zuwa 127 mm. Nau'in kayan sun haɗa da rig da aka sanya a kan motoci—wanda ke ba da saurin motsi a cikin wuraren birane masu cunkoso—da tsarin da aka sanya a kan crawler, wanda ke ba da kwanciyar hankali mai kyau a cikin ƙasa mai laushi da ƙasa mai wahala. Masu ƙara torque suna samuwa a matsayin ƙungiyoyin da aka gyara (yawanci 2:1 zuwa 4:1) ko tsarin hydraulic na canjin canji wanda ke ba da damar daidaitawa don dacewa da yanayin ƙasa na musamman. Ka'idodin zaɓi don masu hakar kelly tare da casing sun haɗa da rarraba ƙasa da ƙa'idodin ƙarfin, diamita na ginshiƙai da zurfin hakar da ake buƙata, yanayin ruwa, da sararin aiki da aka samu. Kwangila suna kimanta ƙarfin torque da ake da shi a zurfin da aka nufa da juriya na hakar da ake sa ran, suna la'akari da girman kelly, ƙimar ƙara, da girman cobble ko ƙimar UCS na dutsen da ake sa ran. Ƙarfin mast, radius na juyawa na ƙwanƙwasan, da radius na juyawa suna tantance dacewar wurin a cikin yanayi masu iyaka na birni. Samun ƙasa mara kwanciyar hankali yana buƙatar ci gaban casing mai sauri da juyawa-percussion da aka daidaita wanda ke samuwa a kan rig na zamani masu yawa. Ka'idodin da suka dace sun haɗa da EN 1536 (aiwatar da ayyukan geotechnical na musamman: bangon diaphragm), ISO 22475 (binciken geotechnical da gwaji—hanyoyin samfur), da DIN 4126 (gafara da rami a cikin ƙasa), wanda ke kafa buƙatun ginin bangon ginshiƙai, tsarin hakar, daidaiton juyawa, da ingancin siminti a cikin shigar da ginshiƙai na secant. Bin waɗannan ka'idodin yana tabbatar da aikin tsari da ingancin rufewa na katangar ginshiƙai na secant da aka kammala.
Kayan aikin haɗin gwiwa a cikin ginin bango na secant suna wakiltar cikakken kewayon kayan aikin haɗin gwiwa, kayan, da tsarin da suke da mahimmanci don aiwatar da ayyukan bango na diaphragm da secant. Waɗannan abubuwan tallafi suna zama wani ɓangare na tsarin tushe mai zurfi, suna aiki tare da kayan aikin hakowa da shigar da ginshiƙai na asali don tabbatar da ingancin tsari, ingancin aiki, da kuma bin ka'idodin ƙira na geotechnical. Ana amfani da kayan aikin haɗin gwiwa a dukkan matakai na ginin bango na secant da diaphragm, daga shirin shafin farko da shigar da tsarin jagora zuwa hakowa ginshiƙai, gudanar da slurry, daidaita ginshiƙai, da kammala bango na ƙarshe. A cikin aikace-aikacen ginshiƙai na secant musamman, kayan aikin haɗin gwiwa suna sauƙaƙe daidaiton shigar da ginshiƙai na asali da na biyu, suna ba da damar daidaiton ginshiƙi da geometry na rufewa, suna tallafawa tsarin zagayawa da dawowa na slurry, da kuma bayar da ɗan ɗorewa yayin lokacin ƙarfafa ƙarfin farko. Hakanan suna da matuƙar mahimmanci a cikin aikin bango na diaphragm, katangar katako, da ayyukan haɗa ƙasa, inda tsarin jagora, kayan aikin gudanar da slurry, da na'urorin da ke daidaita ƙarfafa suna da mahimmanci don cimma ƙayyadaddun ƙira. Ayyukan aikin kayan aikin haɗin gwiwa sun haɗa da wasu muhimman ayyuka. Bangon jagora da tsarin goyon baya suna riƙe da daidaiton tsaye da na kwance na kayan aikin hakowa yayin da suke jure ƙarfi daga matsa lamba na slurry da ƙasa mai kewaye. Tsarin maganin slurry—ciki har da tankuna, centrifuges, da ƙungiyoyin haɗawa—suna sarrafa viscosity, ƙarfi, da halayen gina cake na ruwa na hakowa don tabbatar da daidaiton ramin da kuma sauƙaƙe rarraba cuttings. Masu tsayar da ginshiƙai, masu tsayar da tsakiya, da tsarin gudanar da ƙarfafa suna tabbatar da daidaiton shigar da ginshiƙai da kuma ingantaccen geometry tsakanin ginshiƙai na asali da na biyu. Kayan aikin sa ido da na'urorin gwaji suna bin diddigin halayen slurry, daidaiton ginshiƙai, da haɓakar ƙarfin farko don inganta tsarin ginin. Muhimman nau'ikan kayan aikin haɗin gwiwa sun haɗa da tsarin bango na jagora na inji da na hydraulic, shuka maganin slurry na bentonite tare da ƙarfin gudu mai canzawa, tsarin daidaiton ultrasonic da laser don daidaita ginshiƙai, bututun tremie da valves na duba don ginin ƙarƙashin ruwa, tsarin formwork na ginshiƙi, da tsarin goyon baya na ɗan lokaci ko ƙungiyoyin strut don bangon da suka wuce tsayin tsaye na al'ada. Na'urorin tabbatar da lokacin ƙarfafa—ta amfani da saurin bugun ultrasonic ko auna zafin jiki—suna ba da damar yanke shawara bisa kimiyya game da lokacin shigar da ginshiƙai, suna rage lokutan zagaye yayin da suke riƙe ci gaba da tsari. Ka'idodin zaɓin tsarin haɗin gwiwa suna dogara ne akan zurfin bango, diamita na ginshiƙi, buƙatar tsawon bango, yanayin ƙasa da ruwan ƙasa, ƙayyadaddun siminti, da tsarin wurin. Tsarin bango na jagora dole ne ya ɗauki nauyin matsa lamba na gefe a mafi girman zurfin hakowa. Ƙarfin maganin slurry dole ne ya dace da ƙimar hakowa yayin da yake riƙe ƙayyadaddun ƙarfi da viscosity. Tsarin daidaito dole ne su bayar da daidaito wanda ya dace da buƙatun watsawar nauyi na tsari, yawanci ±50 mm a cikin tsayin bango. Ka'idodin da suka dace da ƙira da aikin kayan aikin haɗin gwiwa sun haɗa da EN 1538 (bangon diaphragm), ISO 6930 (halayen slurry), DIN 1045 (siminti mai ƙarfafawa), da API RP 65 (aikin filin). Ka'idodin Turai da ISO suna kafa ƙayyadaddun mafi ƙarancin don haɗin slurry, ingancin tsari na bango na jagora, hanyoyin ginin tremie, da tsarin tabbatar da inganci a dukkan matakan ginin da kayan aikin haɗin gwiwa suka tallafawa.
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