Diyafram wal grabs suna wakiltar kayan aikin hakar musamman da aka tsara don ƙirƙirar ganuwar siminti mai ƙarfi da aka ƙarfafa ta hanyar tsarin yankan rami mai ci gaba daga saman ƙasa zuwa ƙasa. Wadannan kayan aikin suna da matuƙar muhimmanci ga injiniyan tushe mai zurfi na zamani, musamman a cikin birane inda takurawar sarari da ƙa'idodin muhalli ke buƙatar hanyoyin hakar da suka dace da inganci. Hanyar diyafram wal tana ba wa injiniyoyi damar gina shinge tsaye da ke ba da ayyuka da yawa: samar da tallafi na ƙasa a gefe, aiki a matsayin labule na katse ruwa don sarrafa ruwan ƙasa, ƙin abubuwan guba, da kuma ba da ƙarfin gini ga tsarin tushe da kansa. Diyafram wal grabs ana amfani da su ne a cikin ginin diyafram wal da ke ƙirƙirar iyakokin ƙasa, gine-ginen ƙasa, da tsarin riƙe a cikin wuraren birane masu iyaka. Hakanan suna da matuƙar mahimmanci don ƙirƙirar labule na katse ruwa a cikin aikace-aikacen sarrafa ruwan ƙasa, ganuwar secant pile inda ganuwar siminti mai ƙarfi ke haifar da shinge mai ci gaba, da aikace-aikacen ganuwar sheet pile na wucin gadi ko na dindindin. A cikin gyaran wuraren da aka gurbata, diyafram wal da aka gina tare da waɗannan grabs suna aiki a matsayin shinge na in-situ don hana motsin guba. Bugu da ƙari, fasahar tana amfani da ita a cikin aikin haɗa ƙasa mai zurfi inda yankan rami mai kyau ke farawa kafin tabbatar da ƙasa tare da auger. Ka'idar aiki tana haɗa da rataye kwandon grab daga crane ko kayan aikin hakar diyafram wal na musamman da sauke shi cikin rami mai cike da slurry wanda aka hakar zuwa zurfin da aka tsara. Slurry—wanda yawanci yana da tushe daga bentonite—yana kiyaye daidaiton bangon rami ta hanyar haɓaka cake na tacewa da samar da matsi na hydrostatic wanda ke kawo ƙarshen matsi na ƙasa a gefe. Yayin da kwandon grab ke sauka, fuskokin sa suna buɗewa lokacin da suka kai ƙasan ramin kuma suna rufewa don hakar ƙasa da duwatsu, wanda daga bisani aka ɗaga kuma aka zubar a saman. Wannan tsarin zagaye yana ci gaba har sai an cimma zurfin da aka tsara, wanda yawanci yana tsakanin mita 40 zuwa 100 bisa ga halayen ƙasa da bukatun gini. Ramin da aka hakar daga baya ana ƙarfafa shi da cages na ƙarfe kuma ana cika shi da siminti mai ɗauke da ruwa don ƙirƙirar diyafram wal na gini. Mahimman tsarin kayan aiki sun haɗa da kwandon clamshell na igiya guda ɗaya don aikace-aikacen al'ada, grabs na igiya biyu suna ba da ƙarin iko a cikin mawuyacin yanayi na ƙasa, da grabs na musamman tare da fuskokin da za a iya maye gurbinsu don nau'ikan ƙasa daban-daban. Ikon kwandon grab yawanci yana tsakanin 0.5 zuwa 3.5 cubic meters, tare da ƙirar kwandon da aka tsara don ƙasa mai haɗin gwiwa, kayan granular, ko ƙasa mai haɗaka. Tsarin zamani yana ƙara haɗa da tsarin watsawa na lantarki da sa ido kan zurfi don tabbatar da tsayin rami da daidaiton zurfi cikin ±100mm. Ka'idodin zaɓi suna mai da hankali kan geometry na rami (fadi da zurfin ƙira), halayen ƙasa da duwatsu (ƙarfi, gurbata, yanayin ruwan ƙasa), da tsarin gudanar da slurry. Zaɓin kayan aiki yana dogara har ma akan ƙarfin crane da ake da shi, ƙuntatawar girgiza da hayaniya a cikin birane, da kuma buƙatun ƙimar samarwa. La'akari da muhalli sun haɗa da yawan zubar da slurry, musamman a cikin yanayin ƙasa da aka gurbata wanda ke buƙatar magani na musamman kafin a zubar. Masana'antu suna komawa ga EN 1538 (Aikin Kayan Aikin Geotechnical na Musamman—Diyafram Walls) da ISO 6934-1 (Karfe Wire Rope don Ayyukan ɗaga da Haulage) don tabbatar da bin ƙa'idodin kayan aiki, nazarin daidaiton rami, da ƙa'idodin takamaiman slurry waɗanda ke tabbatar da ingancin ginin diyafram wal da aka gina.
Mechanical diaphragm wall grabs kayan aiki ne na musamman da aka tsara don cirewa da kawar da ƙasa, stones, da sauran abubuwa daga kasan ƙasa a lokacin gine-ginen diaphragm walls, wanda shi ne abu mai kuzari na gini da ake amfani da shi a gine-ginen kasa. Waɗannan grabs ke aiki a cikin rami na slurry-supported na diaphragm wall construction methodology, wanda ke ba da damar cirewa da kawar da ƙasa zuwa zurfin da ba a taɓa ba, wanda ke kare aikin ƙasa ta hanyar matsanancin matsanancin slurry na bentonite.
Manyan cranes a cikin injiniyan tushe mai zurfi suna wakiltar kayan ɗaga na musamman da aka tsara musamman don ɗaukar nauyi mai yawa da bukatun aiki da aka fuskanta yayin da ake inganta ƙasa, tallafawa hakar ƙasa, da ginin ƙasa a ƙasa. Ba kamar cranes na gama gari da ake amfani da su a cikin ginin gini ba, manyan cranes don aikin tushe mai zurfi an ƙera su don sarrafa nauyin juyawa, damuwar motsi, da kuma daidaitaccen wuri da ake buƙata lokacin da ake amfani da kayan aikin gwanon bango na diaphragm, na'urorin piling na secant, kayan haɗa ƙasa, da sauran kayan aiki a cikin yanayi mai iyaka na ƙasa. Wannan cranes suna zama ginshikin aiki don ginin bango na diaphragm, inda suke daidaita da sarrafa manyan gwanon gwanon—na'urorin da ke da nauyin 30 zuwa 100+ tonnes—wanda ke hakar ƙasa da dutsen daga cikin katangar jagora zuwa zurfin mita 100 ko fiye. Bayan bangon diaphragm, manyan cranes suna tallafawa shigar da katangar katako, ayyukan piling na secant da tangent, shigar da kayan jet grouting, da kuma kayan aikin daidaita ƙasa. Hakanan suna da matuƙar mahimmanci a cikin ayyukan hakar juyawa a kwance da kuma sarrafa manyan kwantena, tsarin jagora, da bututun tremie. Babban aikin crane shine don saukar da kayan aiki da kuma ɗaga su da daidaito yayin da suke kula da daidaiton tsaye da kuma sarrafa juriya na hydrostatic da frictional da aka fuskanta yayin shigarwa da fitarwa. Ka'idar aiki tana dogara ne akan ƙarfi na hydraulic ko na'ura mai ɗaga lantarki, yawanci tare da ƙwarewar saurin canzawa don sarrafa yanayin nauyi. Sabbin manyan cranes suna da tsarin jin nauyi, kulawar anti-sway, da kuma sa ido na ainihi don hana haɗin kayan aiki da tabbatar da aikin lafiya a cikin yanayi mai ƙarfi. Tsarin juyawa yana ba da damar juyawa a digiri 360, yayin da tsarin winch ke haɗa na'urorin riƙe nauyi, da yawa na tsarin drum, da kuma sarrafawa masu ma'auni don sarrafa ayyukan multi-cable da yawa a lokaci guda. Yawancin na'urorin suna amfani da lattice ko booms masu dindindin da ke da ƙarfin juyawa mai faɗi, wanda ya zama wajibi don daidaita kayan aiki a cikin tsarin katangar jagora ko a kan wuraren aiki da aka iyakance ta tsoffin gine-gine. Tsarin kayan aiki yana bambanta daga cranes masu hawa crawler waɗanda ke ba da ƙarin ƙarfin ɗaukar nauyi da kwanciyar hankali zuwa na'urorin da aka ɗora a kan motoci waɗanda ke ba da motsi a kan wurare da yawa. Tsarin boom yana haɗa da dindindin, articulated, da kuma telescopic designs. Tsarin ƙarfin yawanci yana rufe daga 100 tonnes don piling na secant na ƙaramin ƙarfi zuwa 500+ tonnes don ayyukan ginin bango na diaphragm na manyan ƙarfi. Nau'ikan musamman suna haɗa da derricks da aka ɗora a kan kwale-kwale masu yawo don aikin tushe mai zurfi a teku, musamman a cikin jet grouting da aikin haɗa ƙasa na cutter. Ka'idodin zaɓi suna da alaƙa da mafi girman nauyin da aka yi tsammani yayin aikin kayan aiki, wanda ya haɗa da nauyin gwanon, nauyin ƙasa da aka rufe, da kuma ƙarfi na motsi daga tsayawa gaggawa ko ɗaukar kayan aiki. Zurfin aiki yana ƙayyade tsawon igiyar da ake buƙata da ƙimar saurin winch. Tsarin wurin—musamman sararin sama da ƙimar ƙasa—yana shafar tsarin boom da ƙirar tushe. Yanayin aiki, ciki har da fuskantar ruwa, yana buƙatar tsarin hydraulic da ke jure lalacewa da kuma abubuwan lantarki da aka rufe. Bin doka tare da ƙa'idodin da suka dace, ciki har da EN 13000 (zane na cranes), ISO 4309 (binciken igiyar waya), da kuma ƙa'idodin ɗaga na gida, yana wajibi. Masana suna kuma kimanta lokutan zagaye, daidaiton saurin saukar da nauyi, ƙwarewar sa ido daga nesa, da kuma buƙatun amfani da mai ko ƙarfin lantarki. Abubuwan tsaro da suka haɗa da masu iyakance nauyi, tsarin saukar gaggawa, da kuma sa ido kan lafiyar tsari suna ƙara zama wajibi don cika bukatun kwangilar tushe mai zurfi na zamani da ƙa'idodin inshora.
Kayan aikin hydraulic grab suna da mahimmanci a matsayin kayan hakar ƙasa da aka tsara don cire ƙasa da dutsen cikin tsari yayin ginin bango na diaphragm da shigar da katangar katako. Wadannan buckets na clamshell na musamman, da aka rataye daga manyan cranes, suna aiki a cikin hakar ƙasa mai zurfi da aka daidaita ta hanyar slurry na bentonite, suna ba da damar kwangiloli su gina katanga marasa ruwa a ƙarƙashin ƙasa tare da daidaito da tsaro. Hydraulic grab yana da matuƙar mahimmanci ga injiniyan tushe mai zurfi na zamani, musamman inda hanyoyin bude rami na gargajiya ba su yiwu ba saboda ruwa, bukatun kulawa da gurbatawa, ko damuwar kwanciyar hankali. Ana amfani da hydraulic grabs a cikin ginin bango na diaphragm—matsayin da aka fi amfani da shi—inda suke hakar ramin katangar jagora na tsaye zuwa zurfin da ya wuce mita 100. Bayan bangon diaphragm, ana amfani da su a cikin shigar da katangar katako (katanga tsaye da ke iyakance yaduwar gurbatawa), ginin piling na secant (piles na ƙarfe da aka ƙarfafa), bangon haɗa ƙasa, da kuma hakar goyon bayan jet-grouting. A cikin kowanne aikace-aikace, grab yana aiki a cikin ramin da aka cika da slurry, yana kula da kwanciyar hankali na bango yayin da yake cire kayan zuwa zurfi da fadi da aka ƙayyade. Ka'idar aiki tana da sauƙi amma tana da matuƙar kulawa. Hydraulic grab yana rataye daga hook na crane ta hanyar tsarin ɗaga da igiyoyi masu sarrafawa. Yayin da bucket ke sauka cikin ramin da aka cika da bentonite, buckets guda biyu masu clamshell suna kasancewa a bude. Da zarar sun kai ƙasan, silinda na hydraulic (yawanci suna samun ƙarfin daga na'ura mai ƙarfin hydraulic da aka sanya a saman wanda aka haɗa ta hanyar igiyar umbilical) suna rufe buckets a kusa da ƙasa da dutsen da aka sassauta. Crane yana ɗaga rufaffen grab tare da kayan nauyinsa zuwa saman, inda kayan ke fitarwa cikin kwantena na shara. Wannan zagaye—hakowa, rufewa, ɗaga, fitarwa, saukarwa—yana maimaitawa har sai an kai zurfin da ake buƙata da fadin sashi. Slurry na bentonite yana ci gaba da tallafawa bangon ramin, yana hana rushewa da kuma ba da damar zama na nauyin da aka daskare. Tsarin da ake da shi yana bambanta sosai a cikin ƙarfin aiki da ƙira. Standard buckets suna daga 0.5 cubic meters (don katangar jagora mai ƙanƙanta da wurare masu ƙanƙanta) zuwa 3.0+ cubic meters (don sassan bude-diaphragm da ke buƙatar ƙarin ƙimar samarwa). Fadin grab yana bambanta daga 1.5 zuwa 3.5 mita, wanda aka tsara don kaurin bango. Tsarin buckets yana bambanta bisa ga ajin ƙasa: buckets masu laushi don ƙasa da silt; ƙirar da aka ƙarfafa da hakori don ƙasa mai ƙarfi da dutsen da aka yi laushi; ƙirar ƙarfe mai ƙarfi don dutsen da aka yanka da kuma tarin cobble. Ana bayar da tsarin hydraulic a matsayin tsarin layin guda (aikin clamshell na asali) ko tsarin layin biyu (wanda ke ba da damar sarrafa buckets masu zaman kansu don ƙasa mai wahala). Ka'idodin zaɓi suna dogara da abubuwa da yawa na musamman ga aikin. Rarraba ƙasa (SPT-N, CPT juriya, ƙarfin matsa lamba na uniaxial) yana ƙayyade tsarin hakori na grab da buƙatun ƙarfin aiki. Zurfin bango da aka buƙata da fadin suna ƙayyade girman bucket da ƙarfin crane. Burin lokacin zagaye yana tura zaɓin bucket—manyan buckets suna ƙara yawan aiki na tafiya guda amma suna buƙatar cranes masu ƙarfi. Halayen slurry da ƙarin bentonite suna shafar buƙatun ƙarfin hakar. Iyakokin sarari a wurin na iya iyakance tsayin hook na crane ko faɗin outrigger, wanda ke buƙatar ƙirar grab mai ƙanƙanta. Ka'idojin da suka dace sun haɗa da EN 12716 (zane da aiwatar da bangon diaphragm a cikin bentonite), EN 12815 (ƙayyadaddun don grabs na hakar ƙasa), ISO 13357 (grabs—buƙatun tsaro), DIN 4014 (bangon diaphragm a Jamus da aikace-aikacen EU), da API RP 2A (don aikace-aikacen teku). Ka'idojin ginin gida da rahotannin binciken geotechnical suna ba da tushe na ƙayyadaddun ƙarshe. Zaɓin ƙwararru yana buƙatar haɗin gwiwa tsakanin injiniyan geotechnical, kwangila, mai aiki da crane, da ƙwararren kayan aiki don inganta dacewar kayan aiki da yanayin ƙasa da burin samarwa.
Kayan aikin hakowa na bangon diaphragm suna kayan aikin hakowa na musamman da aka ƙera don gina bangon ƙasa mai zurfi da labule masu katsewa ta hanyar fasahar ramin laka. Waɗannan kayan aikin da ke amfani da ruwa suna zama muhimmin ɓangare na gina bangon diaphragm (DW), wata hanya da aka yi amfani da ita sosai a cikin injiniyan tushe mai zurfi don gina bangon gini na dindindin da tsarin katsewar ƙasa na wucin gadi. Kayan aikin hakowa na ruwa suna ba da damar hakowa mai sarrafa zurfi, mai ƙarami yayin da suke kiyaye kwanciyar hankali na ramin ta hanyar amfani da laka mai ƙarfi—yawanci haɗin bentonite da ruwa—wanda ke ƙin ƙarfin ƙasa na gefe da hana rushewar bango yayin aikin hakowa. Ka'idar aiki na kayan aikin hakowa na ruwa yana dogara ne akan hanyoyin rufewa da aka kunna da ruwa waɗanda ke haifar da ƙarfin ɗaukar kaya mai yawa don kama da ɗaga ƙasa da dutsen daga ƙasan ramin. Ana rataye su daga mast ko crane, kayan aikin hakowa na ruwa ana saukar da su akai-akai cikin ramin da aka cika da laka, ana rufe su don haɗawa da ƙasan da ke kewaye, sannan a janye su a tsaye tare da kayan da aka ɗauka. Wannan tsarin zagaye yana ci gaba har sai ramin ya kai zurfin da aka tsara. Ingancin wannan hanyar yana dogara da kiyaye isasshen ƙarfi da viscosity na laka don bayar da goyon bayan hydrostatic yayin da kayan aikin hakowa ke aiki, yana hana motsi na gefe da kiyaye daidaito na girman bangon ramin. Kayan aikin hakowa na bangon diaphragm ana amfani da su a cikin aikace-aikacen injiniyan ƙasa da yawa ciki har da bangon diaphragm na dindindin don gina katangar bene, labule masu katsewa don sarrafa ruwa ƙasa, bangon secant pile, bangon laka don gyaran muhalli, da tsarin katsewa. Fasahar tana daidaita da yanayin ƙasa da dutsen daban-daban—daga ƙasa mai haɗin kai zuwa tarin ƙasa mai ƙarfi da dutsen rauni—yana mai da shi mai dacewa don yanayi daban-daban na ƙasa a cikin birane da yanayin teku. Nau'in kayan aiki a cikin wannan rukuni sun haɗa da kayan aikin hakowa na clamshell tare da kwantena biyu masu juyawa, tsarin kwantena hudu don inganta fitar da kayan a cikin ƙasa mai haɗin kai, da nau'ikan musamman na karya dutsen da aka ƙera tare da hakoran ƙarfi ko hanyoyin aiki biyu don dutsen da aka yi wa juyawa da ƙasa mai ƙarfi. Tsawon buɗaɗɗen kayan aikin hakowa yana tsakanin 0.8 zuwa 2.5 mita, tare da ƙarfin ɗaukar kaya tsakanin 800 da 3,500 kilonewtons, bisa ga zurfin aikace-aikace da yanayin ƙasa. Tsarin kayan aikin hakowa yana haɗa da ginin ƙarfe mai ƙarfi tare da abubuwan maye gurbin gajiya don dacewa da yanayin gajiya da ke cikin tsawon lokacin da aka yi amfani da laka. Ka'idodin zaɓi don kayan aikin hakowa na ruwa da suka dace sun haɗa da zurfin hakowa mafi girma, rarraba ƙasa da ƙa'idodin ƙarfi, buƙatar faɗin rami da daidaiton bango, tsammanin viscosity da ƙarfi na laka, buƙatun saurin samarwa, da ƙarfin crane da ake da shi. Hakowa mai zurfi fiye da mita 50 yawanci yana buƙatar ƙira mai nauyi da ƙarfi tare da ƙarfin hydraulic da ƙarfi na gini don kiyaye daidaito a cikin zurfin da aka yi amfani da shi. Aikin yanzu yana tunawa da ka'idodin duniya ciki har da EN 12716 (Aiwar da ayyukan injiniyan ƙasa na musamman: Bangon diaphragm), ISO 6934 (Igiyoyin ƙarfe masu ƙarfi), da API RP 2A (Hanyar da aka ba da shawarar don shirin, ƙira da gina dandalin dindindin na teku). Bin doka da bin ƙayyadaddun injiniya na musamman na wurin suna zama wajibi ga duk ayyukan bangon diaphragm don tabbatar da tsaron ma'aikata da ingancin gini.
Na'urorin ɗaukar grab da aka rataye da igiya suna wakiltar wani muhimmin sashi na tsarin ginin tushe na zurfi na inji, suna ba da haɗin gwiwa tsakanin tsarin igiya da aka makala a kan crane da kuma grab ɗin hakowa da ake amfani da su a cikin ginin bango na diaphragm, katanga, da aikin hakowa na rami. Wadannan na'urorin suna aiki a matsayin babban tsarin ɗaukar nauyi wanda ke canza nauyi daga grab ɗin da aka rataye zuwa tsarin hoist na crane yayin da suke kula da daidaito da kwanciyar hankali a lokacin zagayowar hakowa. A cikin injiniyan ginin tushe na zurfi, na'urorin ɗaukar grab da aka rataye da igiya suna da mahimmanci don aikace-aikace da suka haɗa da ginin bango na diaphragm, inda suke rataye nau'ikan grab daban-daban yayin aikin hakowa na rami da kuma aikin gyaran bango na gaba. Hakanan suna da matuƙar mahimmanci don shigar da katanga, shirin ginin gindin ginin secant, da shirin hakowa na jet grouting. Wadannan na'urorin suna da mahimmanci ga tsarin bango na jagora da hanyoyin ginin bango na slurry, inda daidaiton tsaye da rataye grab mai ƙarfi ke shafar daidaiton hakowa da ingancin zuba siminti. Hakanan ana amfani da su a cikin shirin ginin gindin takarda da aikin haɗa ƙasa inda kwanciyar hankali na rami da tsarin hakowa ke buƙatar kulawa da grab da aka rataye. Ka'idar aiki ta na'urorin ɗaukar grab da aka rataye da igiya tana dogara ne akan canza nauyi ta hanyar wuraren haɗin igiya da tsarin firam ɗin rarrabawa. Ana rataye na'urorin ta hanyar igiyoyi da yawa da aka haɗa da block na hoist na crane, wanda ke raba nauyi daidai da hana jujjuyawa ko jujjuyawa na grab ɗin da aka rataye. Tsarin ɗaukar yana ba da damar nau'ikan grab daban-daban—ciki har da buckets na clamshell, grabs na orange peel, ko grabs na nau'in backhoe—ta hanyar haɗin gwiwa na tsari ko na daidaitacce. A lokacin aiki, na'urar ɗaukar tana kula da jujjuyawar grab yayin da kayan aikin hakowa ke zagaye ta hanyar sauka, shiga hakowa, ɗaga, da fitarwa, tana tabbatar da daidaitaccen wurin a cikin ramin da kuma kula da launin bango a cikin ƙayyadaddun da aka tsara. Tsarin da ake da shi yana bambanta daga tsarin rataye igiya guda ɗaya mai sauƙi don kayan grab masu nauyi zuwa tsarin igiya masu yawa masu rikitarwa tare da hanyoyin da ke daidaita kansu don manyan ayyukan ginin bango na diaphragm. Tsarin yana bambanta bisa ga nauyin grab (yawanci 5 zuwa 50 ton don aikace-aikacen diaphragm), ƙarfin zurfin rami, buƙatun daidaito da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun, da ko tsarin yana aiki tare da ko ba tare da layukan bango na jagora ba. Ka'idodin zaɓi don na'urorin ɗaukar grab da aka rataye da igiya sun haɗa da ƙimar nauyin aiki mai lafiya dangane da nauyin grab da nauyin da aka rataye, gami da nauyin motsi da abubuwan tasiri da ke cikin zagayowar hakowa. Masu kwangila suna tantance tsarin haɗin igiya da ƙirar firam ɗin rarrabawa don daidaito da amsar kulawar mai aiki. Dacewa da ƙarfin crane na yanzu, tsarin hoist, da tsarin kulawa yana da mahimmanci don haɗin gwiwa na aikin. Ikon na'urar ɗaukar don aiki cikin ƙuntatawar bango na jagora ko a matsayin na'ura mai zaman kanta yana tantance yiwuwar don takamaiman tsarin rami. Samun damar kula da kayan aiki da samuwar kayan wear suna shafar farashin rayuwa a cikin ayyukan da suka ɗauki lokaci mai tsawo. Ka'idodin masana'antu da ke kula da na'urorin ɗaukar grab da aka rataye da igiya suna fitowa daga ISO 4304 (ma'anar hanyar igiya), ka'idodin DIN don tsarin rataye igiya, da umarnin injiniya na Turai (2006/42/EC). Ka'idodin EN 13001 suna ba da jagora don ƙirar kayan aikin ɗaga, yayin da ka'idodin musamman na aikin yawanci suna ambaton ƙa'idodin ginin gida na gida da DIN 17200 don kayan ƙarfe da BS 3111 don takardar shaidar igiya.
Kayan aikin jagorancin kelly rod na daidaitacce suna tsarin injiniya na ƙwaƙwalwa wanda ke ba da jagoranci na tsaye da sarrafa matsayin kelly rods yayin gina bango na diaphragm da katangar katako. A cikin tsarin kayan aikin hakar zurfin ƙasa, kayan jagorancin suna zama muhimmin haɗin gwiwa tsakanin tsarin tuki na rotary rig da kayan hakar ko ɗaukar, suna tabbatar da cewa kelly rods da aka saita a tsaye suna kiyaye daidaito a cikin zurfin hakar. Wadannan kayan suna aiki a matsayin abubuwan daukar nauyi da jagoranci, suna tallafawa nauyin kelly rod da kayan haɗe da shi yayin da suke takaita motsin gefe zuwa matakan micron don kiyaye daidaiton matsayin da ake buƙata don gina bango na diaphragm mai inganci. Bango na diaphragm da katangar katako suna buƙatar kyakkyawan daidaiton girma saboda kowanne canji a cikin daidaiton tsaye yana yaduwa ƙasa, wanda zai iya haifar da bambance-bambancen kauri na bango, asarar ingancin gini, ko kuma rage aikin katangar ruwa. Saboda haka, kayan jagorancin kelly rod suna da mahimmanci a duk aikace-aikacen da suka shafi hakar tsaye a ƙarƙashin tallafin slurry: bangon diaphragm don gina bene da kariya daga ruwa, katangar jet grouting, bangon secant da tangent pile, bangon haɗa ƙasa don inganta ƙasa, da katangar tsare. Kayan suna ɗaukar haɗin gwiwar nauyin juyawa, ɗaukar nauyin axial, da kuma girgizar motsi da aka haifar da aikin ɗaukar a cikin ƙasa mai bambanci. A cikin aiki, kayan jagorancin suna amfani da haɗin gwiwar saman ɗaukar layi, jagorancin roller ko ball-bearing, da ginin firam mai ƙarfi. Kelly rod yana wucewa tsaye ta cikin taron kayan, wanda yawanci yana haɗe kai tsaye da mast ko firam na jagora na rig. Yayin da teburin rotary ke tuka juyawa, kayan suna takaita rod don tafiya tsaye kawai yayin da suke ba da damar saukar da sauƙi da janyewa. Kayan zamani suna haɗa fasalulluka na tsaye don daidaita ƙaramin canjin shigarwa, hanyoyin da za a iya daidaita su don dacewa da gajiya na rod, da kuma saman ɗaukar da aka rufe don hana gurbatar slurry da shara. Nau'ikan da suka dace da ƙayyadaddun suna amfani da tsarin hydrostatic ko na ball-bearing na daidaito don rage asarar friction da kiyaye jujjuyawar a ƙarƙashin nauyi cikakke. Tsarin kayan a cikin wannan rukuni yana bambanta daga kayan jagoranci masu sauƙi na dindindin don ƙananan rigs (yawanci suna tallafawa nauyin ƙasa ƙarƙashin ton 50) zuwa tsarin nauyi mai nauyi don manyan kayan hakar. Tsarin yana bambanta gwargwadon diamita na kelly rod, saurin juyawa, ƙarfin ɗaukar nauyi na axial, da ƙirar mast. Wasu kayan suna haɗa hanyoyin hana juyawa; wasu kuma tsarin jagoranci ne na pasif da aka tsara don aiki tare da tsarin tuki da aka sanya a kan rig. Kayan modular suna ba da damar daidaitawa don aikace-aikacen gyara akan rig da ake da shi. Ka'idodin zaɓin kayan jagorancin sun haɗa da: diamita da nauyin kelly rod; mafi girman juyawa da nauyin axial da ake tsammani; yanayin ƙasa da ke buƙatar saurin hakar mai yawa daidai da sarrafa daidaito; nau'in slurry da yiwuwar tarin ƙwayoyin abrasive; da kuma dacewa da mast da tsarin tuki na rig na musamman. Injiniyoyi dole ne su tantance ƙayyadaddun clearance na bearing, lokacin sabis da ake tsammani, da kuma samun damar kulawa. Kwatancen nauyi dole ne su yi la'akari da ƙarin karuwa yayin aikin ɗaukar da yiwuwar nauyin juyawa yayin canje-canje na kayan aiki. Ka'idojin da suka dace da aikin kayan jagorancin sun haɗa da ISO 13535 (terminology na kayan aikin hakar rotary), DIN 4123 (ginin bango na diaphragm), da ka'idodin nauyi na kayan musamman daga European Federation of Foundation Contractors (EFFC). Masu ƙera yawanci suna bayar da ƙimar ƙarfin da aka tabbatar da EN 12063 (kayan aikin bango na diaphragm) ko ingantaccen tabbatarwa daga ɓangare na uku, suna tabbatar da cewa tsarin jagoranci suna kiyaye daidaiton matsayin a cikin ±50 mm a cikin zurfin bango, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga aikin gini.
Tsarin grab na hydraulic yana wakiltar kayan aikin hakar musamman da aka tsara don gina tushe mai zurfi, musamman inda ake buƙatar hakar rami daidai da sarrafa kayan a cikin yanayin ƙasa mai iyaka ko mai ruwa. Waɗannan tsarin suna ƙunshe da kayan aikin ɗaukar na'ura waɗanda aka kunna ta hanyar ƙarfin hydraulic, an sanya su a kan mast ko boom na na'urar piling don ba da damar fitar da kayan da aka tsara yayin shigar da bangon diaphragm, labulen katsewa, gungun secant, da sauran tsarin shinge na ƙasa. Haɗin grab yana haɗuwa da tsarin hydraulic na na'urar da tsarin ɗaga, yana ba da damar masu aiki su aiwatar da hakar, cire shara, da raba kayan tare da ƙarancin tasiri ga ƙasa mai makwabta. Ana amfani da grabs na hydraulic a cikin aikace-aikace da yawa na gina tushe mai zurfi da daidaita ƙasa. A cikin gina bangon diaphragm, grabs suna hakar bangon jagora, suna fitar da slurry na bentonite da aka haɗa da shara yayin hakar panel, da cire shara da aka tara daga wuraren fitar da bututun tremie. Don shigar da labulen katsewa—musamman a cikin injiniyan dam da gyaran muhalli—grabs suna kula da zubar da yankuna, suna sarrafa dawowar slurry, da kuma tsabtace kayan da suka wuce kafin a fara hakar. Shirye-shiryen gungun secant da tangent suna amfani da grabs don shirin farko na bangon jagora da tsabtace lokaci-lokaci na ƙananan ƙura da aka tara a cikin bututun gungun. Ayyukan jet grouting suna yawan haɗa grabs don sarrafa da raba haɗin ƙasa-cement da aka shigar daga shara na asali. Hanyar tana goyon bayan ayyukan haɗin ƙasa-cement inda grabs ke cire shara da aka samar yayin ci gaban auger da taimaka wajen sarrafa yawan kayan daga ginanniyar ginanniyar ginanniyar ginanniyar. Ka'idar aiki tana dogara ne akan matsin hydraulic don kunna tsarin rufewa na inji a cikin bucket na grab. Yayin da grab ke sauka cikin yankin hakar, bucket yana ci gaba da kasancewa a bude; lokacin da ya haɗu da kayan, mai aiki yana kunna kulawar hydraulic, wanda ke haifar da gashashan ko ƙwacewa don rufewa a kusa da ƙasa, dutsen, ko cake na bentonite-slurry. An ɗaga grab ɗin da aka rufe ta hanyar babban ɗaga na na'urar, an fitar da shi cikin kwantena shara ko kayan tacewa, sannan ya koma don zagaye na gaba. Wannan hanyar grab-da-ɗaga ta bambanta da tsarin hakar ci gaba, tana ba da damar cire kayan da aka zaɓa da daidaitaccen iko a cikin ƙasa mai bambanci ko cunkoso. Tsarin da aka saba ya haɗa da grabs na clamshell (shell guda biyu ko hudu tare da haɗin hinge), ƙirar orange-peel (sassan da yawa suna fitowa daga pin na tsakiya), da grabs na katsewa na musamman waɗanda ke da ƙaramin ƙarfin bucket da ƙarfafa tsarin don wuraren da aka iyakance. Ikon grabs yawanci yana tsakanin 0.5 zuwa 3.5 cubic meters, an tsara su don ƙarfin ɗaga na na'urar da tsarin gungun. An saba da haɗin igiya ko haɗin kai na kai, tare da kulawar electrohydraulic da ke ƙara zama na yau da kullum a kan na'urorin zamani. Ka'idodin zaɓi sun haɗa da ƙarfin bucket dangane da SWL na na'urar, tsarin clamshell ko orange-peel da ya dace da nau'in kayan (granular ko cohesive), samuwar ƙarfin hydraulic, faɗin buɗewa a cikin iyakokin bangon jagora ko casing, da ɗorewa a ƙarƙashin yanayin shara mai guba ko yanayin gishiri. Nauyin grab, gami da manifold na hydraulic da fakitin kulawa, dole ne su ba da izinin isassun iyakokin tsaro don lodi mai motsi yayin saurin zagaye na ɗaga. Ka'idodin da suka dace sun haɗa da ISO 20332 da ISO 20333 don kayan aikin bangon diaphragm, ISO 14688 don rarraba ƙasa (wanda ke tantance dabarun zaɓin grab), da ka'idodin tsaro na hydraulic na ISO 5010 na musamman. Alamar CE ta Turai da bukatun API RP 2A suna shafar ayyukan tushe mai zurfi na offshore da ke amfani da grabs na hydraulic.
Kayan aikin taimako yana ƙunshe da tsarin goyon baya masu mahimmanci, sassa, da kayan aiki waɗanda ke ba da damar aiwatar da ginin bango na diaphragm da aikin ganuwar katako a ƙarƙashin ƙasa cikin inganci. A cikin injiniyan tushe mai zurfi, kayan aikin taimako yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kula da yanayin slurry, ba da damar hakowa mai sarrafawa, da tabbatar da ingancin tsari a duk matakan haɓaka rami da aikin gyaran ƙasa. Kayan aikin taimako yana samun aikace-aikace a cikin fasahohin inganta ƙasa da rufewa da dama, ciki har da bangon panel na diaphragm, ganuwar katako, bango na secant da tangent, tsarin sheet pile da aka inganta tare da jet grouting, bangon haɗakar ƙasa, da sauran dabarun katako na ƙasa. Waɗannan tsarin goyon baya suna da matuƙar mahimmanci a cikin ayyukan da ke buƙatar kulawa mai tsanani na ruwa ƙasa, rarraba gurbatawa, ko shirin tushe mai zurfi a cikin yanayin birni mai laushi inda shigarwa daidai tare da ƙaramin tasirin ƙasa shine wajibi. Ka'idar aiki ta kayan aikin taimako tana bambanta bisa ga nau'in tsarin. Tsarin daidaita slurry da zagayowar suna kula da halayen ruwan drilling na bentonitic ko polymer a duk lokacin hakowa, suna hana rushewar rami da daidaita fuskokin ƙasa da aka bayyana ta hanyar daidaiton matsin lamba na hydrostatic. Bututun tremie da tubes na casing suna ba da damar sanya siminti ko grout cikin tsari a zurfi, suna canza slurry ba tare da rarrabawa ko gurbatawa ba. Tsarin goyon baya kamar bangon jagora, beams na daidaitawa, da injinan hakowa suna ba da daidaitaccen daidaito da ƙarfin ɗaukar nauyi don kayan aikin hakowa. Na'urorin cire ruwa da tacewa suna cire ƙarin ruwan drilling da ƙwayoyin, suna ba da damar sake amfani da slurry da cika ƙa'idodin fitarwa na muhalli. Tsarin sa ido suna bibiyar muhimman abubuwan ruwan a cikin ainihi, suna tabbatar da bin ƙayyadaddun yanayi a duk lokacin gini. Nau'in kayan aikin da suka fi dacewa a cikin wannan rukuni sun haɗa da tashoshin slurry tare da haɗakar, desanding, da na'urorin centrifuge don daidaita ruwan; tarin bututun tremie tare da diamita da tsarin haɗin gwiwa daban-daban; tubes na casing a cikin ƙarfe da kayan haɗi; tsarin goyon baya don daidaito da daidaiton matsayi; famfunan ruwan ƙarƙashin ruwa da na ci gaba don zagayowar slurry; tsarin sassauƙa na matsin lamba na hydrostatic; da kayan aiki don sa ido kan ƙarfi, viscosity, abun ƙasa, da pH. Tsarin suna bambanta daga tsarin motsi masu ƙarami da suka dace da ƙananan ayyukan birni zuwa shigarwa masu haɗaka da ke goyon bayan samar da babban ƙima a kan manyan ayyukan ababen more rayuwa. Zaɓin kayan aikin taimako yana dogara ne akan abubuwan fasaha da na aiki da yawa. Haɗin slurry da yanayin muhalli suna ƙayyade ƙarfin desanding da daidaitawa da ake buƙata. Zurfin hakowa, halayen ƙasa, da tsarin ruwa ƙasa suna shafar zaɓin game da ƙarfi slurry, diamita na bututun tremie, da ƙayyadaddun tubes na casing. Tsarin aikin, ciki har da samun damar shafin, iyakokin sarari, da buƙatun yawan samarwa, suna tantance ko za a yi amfani da kayan aiki masu motsi ko na tsaye. Ka'idodin muhalli, musamman game da zubar da slurry da kariya ga ruwa ƙasa, suna shafar buƙatun tacewa da magani. Dole ne a tabbatar da dacewar kayan aiki tare da kayan aikin hakowa da aka zaɓa da buƙatun tsari na shigarwa ta ƙarshe. Ka'idodin masana'antu da ke jagorantar kayan aikin taimako sun haɗa da EN 1538 don aiwatar da bangon diaphragm, wanda ke ƙayyade buƙatun cikakkun bayanai don gudanar da slurry, daidaita ruwan, da hanyoyin kula da inganci. Masu ƙera kayan aiki yawanci suna daidaita ƙayyadaddun tare da ƙa'idodin ISO don halayen ruwan drilling da gudanarwa, da kuma ƙa'idodin ƙasa da suka dace kamar DIN (Jamus), BS (United Kingdom), da JGS (Japan) waɗanda ke ba da buƙatun fasaha don aikin kayan aiki da ƙayyadaddun kayan. Ka'idodin yankin da buƙatun musamman na aikin yawanci suna buƙatar ƙarin gwaji da takardu don tabbatar da bin ƙa'idodin kariya ga ruwa ƙasa da ƙa'idodin tsaro na shafin gini.