Ithuluzi lokumba le-double rotary limelela indlela yokumba ethuthukisiwe esetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwezinsika ezijulile kanye nezindandatho ezinkulu ezibhotshwayo, lapho ukujolisa okulinganiselwe kwezicucu ezimbili ezizimele zomshini wokumba kuvumela ukuthunjwa okulungile ezimweni zomhlaba eziyinkimbinkimbi. Le ndlela ikakhulukazi ifaneleka emaphrojekthini adinga ukusimama okukhulu nokulawula phakathi kokusebenza kokumba ezingeni elinzima lezemvelo, kuhlanganisa neziqoqi zejololi ezihlanganisiwe, amatshe amancane, nezinqwaba zamatshe amakhulu. Umshini ophindwe kabili uvumela abaklami ukufezekisa ikhwalithi ephezulu yokungena ngezinga elihambisanayo nokulawula ubukhulu phakathi kwezindawo zokumba ezinzima, okwenza kube indlela eyisisekelo yokwakha nokuklama izinsika ezijulile ezindaweni ezinzima zomhlaba. Le ndlela sebenzisa izinto zokusebenza zokumba ezikhethekile ezihlanganisa izinto ezijikeleza ezimbili ezisebenza ngokuhambisana, kuvumela ukususa kahle iziqhumiso nokuqhubekisela phambili izikhala. I-casing yangaphandle noma uhlelo lwe-pilot ijikeleza ngokuhambisana ne-kelly yangaphakathi noma i-augur assembly, kudala inqubo yokumba elawulwa kahle eguquguqukayo ezimweni zomhlaba ezitholwa kumaphrojekthi wezobunjiniyela kanye nezinsika. Le mfanekiso ibaluleke kakhulu ezindaweni zokwakha ezisemadolobheni lapho imikhawulo yokuthukuthela ne-vibration ibalulekile, kanye nokusetshenziswa okufanele ukuphathwa kokuphazamiseka komhlaba okuncane. Le ndlela ithuthukisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezindandatho ezinkulu ezibhotshwayo ezisukela ku-600mm kuya ngaphezulu kuka-3000mm ububanzi, iphathelene nomthwalo omkhulu wakwa-bridge, izinhlelo zokusebenza eziphakeme, nezifundo zezimboni. Ithuluzi le-double rotary silkhipha ukuthuthuka okuhle ezindaweni ezihlanganisiwe neziqukethwe, izingqimba ze-chalk, nezimo zobumba eziwugqinsi, ngenkathi igcina ukunemba okuphezulu kwesikhala okudingekayo kumiklamo esiyinkimbinkimbi yeziqoqo eziningi. Izicelo emkhakheni wezinsika ezijulile zifaka phakathi ukwakhiwa kwezingcindezi ezibopho zokuthuthukiswa kwezohwebo nezokuhlala, izinhlelo zokuhlala ezibopha izakhiwo ezikhona, nezokukhiqiza izikhukhula ezinkulu ze-caisson emaphrojekthini amanzi nakuma-mindani. Izimo zezingxenye zisebenzisa ukusebenza okukhethekile njengekufakwa kwezindandatho ezinamathiselwe ematshe ahlanzekile, ukudala izinhlelo zomjolo ozithandayo zokwakha izikhala zemigudu nokuqondisa amanzi, nokuphumeza izinhlelo zokumba ze-continuous flight auger lapho ukunemba kwezilinganiso kubalulekile. Abaklami nabakhi bakhetha ithuluzi le-double rotary kumaphrojekthi adinga ukuqinisekiswa kokuphila kwezingcindezi kusukela ekwenzeni izinhlelo ezijulile ezinzima ezifaka izikhala eziningi zokubamba. Izicelo zokuthuthukiswa komhlaba, kuhlanganisa ukufakwa kwemigqa yamatshe, ukulungiselela i-jet grouting, nezinhlelo zokuthuthukisa umhlaba, zihlala zisebenzisa izinto zokumba ze-double rotary njengezindlela eziyisisekelo zokuhlola ezinhle zomhlaba. Izinsiza zokumba ze-double rotary ezithuthukisiwe zifaka izinhlelo ezenzakalelayo zokulawula isivinini sokujikeleza, ukubhekwa kwengcindezi, nokulawula ukujula, kuthuthukisa ukuphepha nokusebenza ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene nemikhakha yegeoloji. Ukukhethwa kwezinsiza ezifanele ze-double rotary kuxhomeke emiphumeleni yokuhlola ngobunjiniyela, ukucwaninga kwebhulokhi yokwakha, nezidingo zokwakha eziqondile zohlelo lwezinsika ezijulile. Ukucaciswa kwezinsiza okuphumelelayo, ubuchwepheshe bomqhubi, nokuhambisana kwendawo nemithetho eqondile yemvelo kudinga impumelelo yephrojekthi kanye nezindleko ezisebenzayo ezindaweni ezinzima kakhulu zobunjiniyela.
Izintambo zendawo ezaphakathi zitshengisa umkhiqizo obalulekile kumasistimu wokubhola wesibili ophindwe kabili asetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwezisekelo ezijulile kanye nezinhlelo zobunjiniyela bezezimali. Lezi zithuluzi zokubhola ezineziqu noma eziphelele zisetshenziswa ngaphakathi kwalokho okubizwa nge-casing yangaphandle ye-rig ephindwe kabili, zisebenza ngokubambisana ne-casing yangaphandle ukuze kuthathwe umhlaba nezinto zobumba ngesikhathi sokwandisa ukubhola ezindaweni ezidingekayo. Uhlelo lokujikeleza lwezintambo ezaphakathi luvumela amaqembu okubhola ukuthi afinyelele ukulawula okuqondile phezu kokusheshisa kokubhola kanye nokwabiwa kwe-torque, okwenza kube nemfanelo ekusebenzeni kwezinhlelo zokwakha eziyinkimbinkimbi lapho ukubhola okujwayelekile kokujikeleza okukodwa kungasebenzi kahle noma kunganele ngokobuchwepheshe. Indlela yokusebenza kwezintambo ezaphakathi ibandakanya ukugijima okuqhubekayo kwezinto eziyizinsiza nezangaphandle ngejukisa elilawulwayo, kukhulisa ukusondela kokubhola ezimweni ezifana nezifunda ze-clay, umhlaba ophakeme, insimu yezinye zezinto ezisindayo, i-bedrock engashintshanga, kanye nezimo ezihlanganisiwe. Le ndlela yokubhola yehlisa ukuphazamiseka kwizakhiwo zomhlaba ezizungezile futhi inikeza ukuzinza okuhle kokubhola ngaphandle kokudinga ama-additive amakhulu noma ukujikeleza okuqhubekayo kwensipho, okuyinzuzo ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezibucayi emvelweni nasezindaweni zokwakha ezisemadolobheni. Izinzuzo zomshini ze-drilling yokujikeleza kabili zivumela amaqembu okubhola ukuthi angene ngaphakathi kokhaphozi, amathafa, nezinto eziphazamisayo ezidinga amathuluzi akhethekile noma amahora okubhola aphakeme asetshenziswa ngezindlela zendabuko. Izintambo ezaphakathi ziza ezihlelweni ezahlukene nezilinganiso, ukusuka ezindaweni ezincane zokwakha ama-micropile kuya kumahlozi amakhulu asekelayo izinhlelo ezibalulekile zokwakha izinsiza, imizila yokwakha, izakhiwo eziphakeme, nezakhiwo zasemanzini. Izicelo zezinhlaka eziphezulu zifaka imikhakha ehlukahlukene yokwakhiwa kwemizila ebalulekile, emsebenzini wokwakha izikhumbuzo zeziphakamiso, ukufakwa kwe-pile kwezinsiza ezinamandla, izinhlelo zokubhaliswa komhlaba, ukulungiswa kwezindawo ngezinhlelo eziqiniswayo, kanye nokuhloswe kokubola okujulile ukuze kutholakale ukusizakala kwezisekelo. Ongoti bokwakha bathembela kumasistimu ezintambo ezaphakathi zokufaka ama-caisson, ukuxhasa ukwakhiwa kwe-diaphragm wall, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwe-secant pile wall ezindaweni ezinezindawo ezibucayi edolobheni lapho izithintelo zezindawo nezithintelo zamazwi kungavimbela ezinye izindlela zokwakha ezijulile. Ukuguquguquka kwale teknoloji yokubhola kuncike emsebenzini wezobunjiniyela bese kuthi uma kuguqulwa ihlukanisa izakhiwo ezikhona, ukwakhiwa kabusha, kanye nokuthuthukiswa komhlaba ngokuhamba kokubhola nokushintshwa komhlaba. Ojobunjiniyela bagcizelela ikakhulukazi izintambo ezaphakathi ngenxa yokukwazi kwazo ukugcina umzila wokubhola uvundlile kanye nokunembile kwemishini, kuqinisekisa ukuhlela kahle kwezinto zokwakha nezokwakha. Izimo zesigcawu ezisuka emhlabathini ophakeme kuya kwi-bedrock ezanelisayo ziwina kumasistimu ezintambo ezaphakathi zokubhola, ezilungiselelwe kahle ezishintshashintshayo zomhlaba nezivimbela ezingalindelekile phansi. Ukuthuthukiswa kokubhola okulawulwa kanye namathuba okubuyisela isikhathi esiqhubekayo okukhona kumasistimu ophindwe kabili kuvumela ukulungiswa okuphuthumayo kokukwanelwa kokubhola uma izimo zomhlaba zishintsha, kusekela ukuhambisana kwesikhathi sephrojekthi nokwethembeka kwemali. Kubakhi bezisekelo nabachwepheshe bokuhlola umhlaba abaphatha izinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokwakha emadolobheni, ukufakwa kwemikhumbi ejulile, noma izakhiwo ezinzima zokwakha amandla, ubuchwepheshe bezintambo ezaphakathi bukhombisa ukunemba, ukwethembeka, kanye nokuguquguquka kokusebenza okuyisisekelo sokuphumelelisa ukuzenzakalela kwezakhiwo ezijulile.
Izintambo zokufaka ezingaphandle zibalulekile ezingxenyeni zohlelo lokubhoboza olunamavili amabili, eziklanyelwe ukuqinisa izimbobo ngesikhathi sokungena ezimweni ezinzima zezingqimba zomhlaba ekwakhiweni kwemizila emikhulu nokuzenzakalelayo. Lezi zifakelo zokubhoboza ezikhethekile zenza umphakathi ohlanganisiwe ongenhla kwethuluzi le-double rotary, zisebenza ngokubambisana nezinye izakhi ezizimele ukuze zifeze ukunwetshwa okunembile kwezimbobo. Izintambo zokufaka ezingaphandle zisebenza kakhulu ukuze zigcine ukuzinza kwezimbobo, ikakhulukazi ezimweni zomhlaba ezingazinzile lapho izindlela zokubhoboza ezisodwa zinganele ukufezekisa kahle, kusebenze kahle ekwakheni imizila emikhulu efana nezikhonkwane, ama-caisson, nokufakwa komgudu ojulile. Ezimweni zomhlaba ezichazwe ngezinga lempophoma eliphakeme, umhlabathi ophukile, izikhumba eziphansi, kanye nezigaba zomhlabathi ezihlanganisiwe, izintambo zokufaka ezingaphandle zinikeza ukwesekwa okuhlelekile ezindaweni zezimbobo, ezivimbela ukwehla nokugcina ukunemba kwezimfanelo ngesikhathi sonke sokubhoboza. Ukuklanywa kohlelo lokubhoboza olunamavili amabili kuvumela izintambo ezingaphandle ukuba zigubhe ngokuqhubekayo ngesikhathi sokuhamba ngaphakathi, kudala nokugcina indawo yokumba ezinzile. Le ndlela ibalulekile lapho kubhoboza ezindleleni ze-alluvial, ezingxenyeni zamatshe ezihlungiwe, nasemazingeni ahlukeneyo lapho ukulawula amanzi angaphansi nomsebenzi wezindonga kubhekwa njengezinselelo ezinkulu zokwakha. Izintambo ezingaphandle zingabekwa ngemikhono yokusika ethile noma izicubu kuya ngezimfanelo zomhlaba ezithile kanye nezidingo zephrojekthi, ukusuka ezinqumweni zamatshe anzima kuya ezinhlelweni zomhlabathi ezithambile. Izicelo zokusebenza nezintambo zokufaka ezingaphandle zifaka amaphrojekthi ebukhulu obujulile, kufaka phakathi ukuthungatha okwakhe ukudonsa emabhuloheni, izakhiwo eziphakeme, izakhiwo zezimboni, kanye nezinsiza ezibalulekile. Lezi zinhlelo zenza kahle ezindaweni zasedolobheni lapho imisindo nezinqubo zokushelela zikhawulela izindlela zokufaka izikhonkwane, njengoba ukubhoboza okwenziwe ngama-rotary amabili kusebenze ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka okuningi. Abakhi abasebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bezintambo zokufaka ezingaphandle bangafinyelela izinga eliphezulu lokubhoboza, ukulawula okunembile kwe-diameter, kanye nokuzinza okuqinisekisiwe kwemikhawulo, kube lula ukufaka izikhonkwane ezinkulu, imithombo ye-secant ne-tangent, kanye nezindawo zomzila zodaka. Le ndlela ivumela ukubhoboza kube ngezinga elikhulu ngenkathi kugcinwa ukulingana okuhle nokuphakama okuyimfuneko okufanele kuqinisekiswe ngobunjalo besakhiwo. Ukuqhutshwa kahle kwezinhlelo zezintambo zokufaka ezingaphandle kudinga ukuthola okujulile kwezimfanelo zomhlaba, ukuphathwa ngokucophelela kwezinhlelo zokuhamba kukaloliwe wokubhoboza, kanye nokulawula ngokunembile imishini ye-double rotary rig. Ukukhethwa nokuqonda kwezintambo zokufaka ezingaphandle kuye ngokuya ngezinga lemp pression, izincazelo ze-diameter yezimbobo, ukujula okubhodwe, kanye nephrofayili yomhlabathi nezinsiza ezitholakele ngesikhathi sokuhanjiswa. Amaqembu e-geotechnical engineering asebenza ngokubhoboza izikhala zokuhlola, ukuhlolwa kokungena kwe-cone, kanye nedatha yokuhlola izimbobo ukuze kuhlelwe izimo zezingaphakathi ze-intambo, kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu ezimweni ezahlukene ze-geological nezidingo ezithile zokwakha.
Amathuluzi okuphayisela nezicathulo zema-pilot zibalulekile ezincwadini zokuhamba ezingama-rotary aphindwe kabili zokwakhiwa kwezizinda kanye nezicelo zobunjiniyela be-geotechnical. Lezi zingxenye zisebenza ndawonye ukukwazi ukufaka i-casing ezindaweni ezinzima zomhlabathi nezinto zomhlaba, kuvumela abakhi ukuthi bashayele izakhiwo eziqinile ezizindeni eziyinkimbinkimbi. Emkhiqizweni wezobuchwepheshe bokuhamba bama-rotary aphindwe kabili, ithuluzi le-pilot lihola inqubo yokuphanda okwathi i-casing shoe ikhokhisa futhi ivikele ipayipi le-casing yangaphandle, ivumela ukuphanda nokufaka i-casing ngesikhathi esifanayo. Le ndlela ehlanganisiwe inciphisa kakhulu isikhathi sokuphanda futhi ithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle uma kuqhathaniswa nezindlela zokuphanda ezijwayelekile. Amathuluzi e-pilot nezicathulo zibaluleke kakhulu ezinhlelweni ezihilela izimo zomhlabathi ezihlanganisayo, lapho ama-layer ahlukahlukene amalahle neziphuzo ezidinga ukulawulwa okufanele kokuhamba kokuphanda nokufaka i-casing. Ukusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi e-pilot nezicathulo kudlula emaphrojekthini ahlukahlukene e-geotechnical, kuhlanganise nokwakhiwa kwamapayipi amakhulu, ukufakwa kwe-caisons, kanye nezinhlelo zokwakha ezijulile ezinesikhumbuzo, izakhiwo eziphakeme, nezakhiwo zezimboni. Lezi zifaka phakathi izimo zomhlabathi ezahlukene ukusuka emabhaleni amanzi kuwo ozinsimbi, amatshe nokhonkolo, nezinhlobonhlobo zomhlaba ezinjenge-pavement, amatshe abomvu nezakhiwo ezixubile. Le mekanisme yokuphanda ye-dual-action ivumela abakhi ukuthi baphumelele ezimeni zomhlaba eziyinkimbinkimbi ngenkathi begcina ukusimama komgudu ngesikhathi sokuphanda. Ngokusebenzisa izicathulo ezikhethekile eziklanyelwe ama-profile e-soil ahlukene nezithwathwa ze-pilot eziklanyelwe izidingo ezithile zokufaka, amaqembu aphanda angalinganisa ukusebenza futhi aqinisekise ukunyuka kwe-casing okuhambisanayo ezindaweni ezinzima. Amathuluzi e-pilot anamuhla ahlanganisa amahhashi abuchwepheshe aphezulu nezakhiwo zensimbi eziqhubekayo ukuze aphephe ezindaweni ezinomthelela omubi ngenkathi egcina ukujula okufanele ngesikhathi sokuphanda. Izicathulo ze-casing, ezihlinzekiwe ngamakhono Okuphanda, zinenhloso ezihambisanayo: zivikela i-casing emonakalweni ngesikhathi sokuhambela emhlabathini onobugovu futhi ziqhubela phambili ekungeneleleni ama-layer avimbelayo. Ukwamukela kwamakhono e-shoe kucaciswa ngokuya ngezimo zomhlaba nezindlela zokuphanda, kuvumela abaphathi ukuba bahlale bephendula izidingo ezithile zokwakhiwa kwezizinda. Noma bezama ukugijimela ezindaweni ezinzima zengxenye ye-granular noma ezimithini eziphukile, amathuluzi e-pilot azikhethiwe futhi agcinwe kahle akhuphula kakhulu ukusebenza kokuphanda futhi anciphise izindleko zeprojekthi ngokunciphisa isikhathi esingasebenzi ne-wear yemishini. Ukukhetha nokwandisa amathuluzi e-pilot nezicathulo kudinga ucwaningo olunzulu lwe-geotechnical kumphakathi kanye nokucabangela ngokucophelela ama-profiles amhlabeni avunyelwe nge-boreholes nezinhlelo zokuhlolwa komhlaba. Oshiwemfundo bokwakha izizinda kumele bahlolisise ukumelana komhlaba okuhlosiwe, ukucwila kwemibono, nezimpawu zendawo ukuze banikeze amakhamphani amathuluzi afanele okuhamba nezindlela. Le ndlela yobuchwepheshe iqinisekisa ukunyuka kwe-casing kwephumelelako, igcina ubumsulwa be-borehole, futhi ihlinzeka ngemibandela ezinzile edingeka ukuqinisekisa ukusekelwa kwezakhiwo ezingozini ezinobuhle ezingaphakathi embonini yokwakha yezizinda ezijulile.
Get the latest equipment listings, industry news, and market insights.