Ukuhluza Okuphambukayo Kwenjini RCD

Ukuhlinzeka ngokuqhuba okuphambene (RCD) kuwumkhuba ophakeme wekhwalithi yokuqhuba izisekelo okusetshenziselwa ukwakha ama-borehole amakhulu emikhakheni ye-geotechnical enzima. Le ndlela isebenzisa ukuhamba komoya noma kwefluid okuhamba phansi ngaphandle kwe-drill string bese kubuyela emaphakathi, kuhambele izinqamuleli phezulu ngendlela ephumelelayo kunemikhuba ejwayelekile yokuhlinzeka. Ukuhlinzeka ngokuqhuba okuphambene kubalulekile kakhulu emaphrojekthi ezisekelo ezijulile lapho ukuzinza komhlaba, ikhwalithi yesampula, kanye nokunemba kokuhlinzekwa kubalulekile ukuze kube nempumelelo ekwakhiweni kwamapayipi nomsebenzi wokuhlola umhlaba. Le ndlela ikhangwa kakhulu kumamphakathi afana nokubamba zonke izinto, umhlabathi we-sandy, ama-layers e-gravel, kanye nezinto ezixubile ezingaxhunyiwe lapho ukuhlinzeka okujwayelekile okuphendulayo kungase kube nezinkinga zokuzinza noma kukhishwe izampula ze-core eziphukile. Ngokugcina ingcindezi enhle ngaphakathi kwe-borehole futhi kukhishwa izinqamuleli emaphakathi, ukuhlinzeka ngokuqhuba okuphambene kunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwstructure yomhlaba ezizungezile ngenkathi kuvumela ukuhlolwa kwe-geological okucacile okubalulekile ekwakhiweni kwezisekelo nasekuhlelweni kokwakhiwa. Izinsiza ezisetshenziselwa ukuhlinzeka ngokuqhuba okuphambene zifaka phakathi ama-drill rigs aphakeme anezinga elanele lokujula nokuhudula, ama-compressor omoya aphezulu anikela ngecubic feet per minute (CFM) elingana ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nokuhamba kahle, kanye nezingxenye ezikhethekile ze-drill string kufaka phakathi ama-casing, amathuluzi oku-ream, kanye nezinhlelo zokuhlanganisa izampula. Ama-rigs amakhulu anokwakha ama-boreholes kusuka ku-200 millimitha kuya ku-1,200 millimitha noma ngaphezulu ajwayelekile ezinhlelweni zokwakha izisekelo, avame ukufakwa kumakhamera okuhamba ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nokuzinza nokuhamba ezindaweni zokwakha. Izinhlelo ze-compressor kumele zikhishwe ingcindezi eqhubekayo nephakeme ukuze kusekelwe ukuhlinzeka ezimweni ezahlukene zomhlaba, kuyilapho ukwakheka kwe-drill string—okuhlanganisa ama-kelly bars, abavumelwano, kanye nezingiga zokuhlinzeka—kuqinisekisa ukuma nokuqina kokwakhiwa kulo lonke uhlelo lokukhanda. Izinsiza zokulawula ukuhamba zenziwa ukuphathwa kwemud noma ukubuyela komoya, zikhiphe izinqamuleli zokuhlinzeka, futhi zibavumele ukuhlinzeka ngezampula zomhlaba ezingaphazamisekanga ngokungapheli ukuze kuxoxwe kumalabhorethri nasekuhlukaniseni kwe-geotechnical. Ukuhlinzeka ngokuqhuba okuphambene kunezisebenzi eziningi ezibalulekile ngaphakathi kwezakhiwo ezijulile nezinhlelo zokuthuthukiswa komhlaba. Kusetshenziswa kakhulu kumaboreholes wokuhlola indawo anikeza ulwazi lwezokwakha, kuvikela abacwaningi ukuhlole izinqamuleli zomhlaba, ukunquma amandla okuphatha, nokuqhathanisa izimo zamanzi phansi phakathi kobude obunikeziwe bezisekelo ezihlelwe. Ekukhuliseni ama-caisson amakhulu, odongeni lwe-diaphragm, kanye nasekufakeni ama-pile e-secant, ukuhlinzeka ngokuqhuba okuphambene kunikeza ukuhlinzeka okukhontrolwa okudingekayo ukuze kwenziwe ukuxhumana okuqondile okuqondile kanye nezindonga zokuhlunga ezinzile ezimeni zomhlaba ezinzima. Le ndlela isekela ukwakhiwa kwe-tremie pipe kwezinsika eziqhutshwayo, iqinisekisa ukujula kwe-borehole ebalulekile ekwakhiweni kwekhonkrithi okufanele, futhi ivumela ukukhiphwa kwezampula zomhlaba ezimele ezindaweni ezijwayelekile ezifana nezivivinyo zokungena (SPT) kanye nokuhlola ikhwalithi ye-rock designation (RQD). Le ndlela ibonakala ikhangwa kakhulu kumabamba aqukethe ama-clays athambile, ama-silts ane-sand ehamba, kanye nezinto ezithambile ezine-saturated lapho ukufaneleka kokugcina ukuhamba kwe-borehole kungaba nengxenye ngezindlela ezijwayelekile. Ngokuhlanganisa ukuphumelelayo nokunemba kwe-geological, ukuhlinzeka ngokuqhuba okuphambene kusebenze njengomkhuba ophumelelayo kubakhi bezisekelo nabacwaningi be-geotechnical abaphatha izimo ezinzima zomhlaba lapho impumelelo yephrojekthi ixhomeke ekuchazeni umhlaba okuphumelelayo nasekufakeni ama-borehole ngendlela eqondile nephumelelayo.