Izinsiza zokuhomba ezisekelwe kuHydromills

Izinsiza zokwakha ezisekelwe kumishini yokubhoboza, i-hydromills, zimele umklamo ogxile emkhakheni wezokumbiwa nokwelashwa komhlaba, ohlanganisa ubuchwepheshe bezinhlamvu zamanzi zempilo ephezulu kanye nemishini yokubhoboza ethokozelwayo noma ye-percussion ukuze kudalwe imingcele emhlabeni ephakathi njalo nemasimu aqinile. Lezi zinhlelo zibalselwa endleleni yokwakha izisekelo ezijulile, zandisa ukwenzeka kokwakhiwa kwemilingo ye-diaphragm, ama-cutoff curtains, imithala ye-secant ne-tangent, kanye nezindawo zokuphucula umhlaba ezihlanganiswe ne-jet-grouting. Le nkambu yezinsiza ibandakanya izinhlaka ezahlukene ze-hydromill ezibekwe kumishini ejwayelekile yokuhola noma yokubhoboza, sebenzisa umast we-rig, isikhungo samandla, nezinhlelo ze-hydraulic ukuhlinzeka amandla adingekayo kanye nekhwalithi yokusebenza emhlabeni ongaphansi. Imishini ye-hydromill ikhiqizwa ezinhlakeni eziningi zendlela ye-geotechnical. Ukuhlelwa okufanele kuhilela ukudalwa kwezikhala ze-diaphragm wall kumabhesikidi apholile, ezakhiweni ezingaphansi, nasezinhlelweni zokugcina; ukufakwa kwama-cutoff curtains anokungena okuphansi ezindaweni zezimoto, ezindaweni eziphephile, nakweminye imisebenzi yokwengeza; izinhlelo ze-secant ne-tangent zama-pile zokwakha odongeni be-cantilever noma be-propped; imisebenzi ye-jet grouting yokuzinza komhlaba, ukujula, nokwenza umhlaba ube semgendeni; kanye nemix substrate ye-soil-cement yokwakhiwa komhlaba, nokwakhiwa kwezikole. Uhlelo ngalunye ludinga ukulawula okuqondile kokujula, ukuhlela okuvamile kwe-jet, kanye nezimo zokuxuba noma zokumbiwa ezigcinwayo. Umgogodla wezokusebenza usekelwa ezinjengokuphakanyiswa kwamanzi (ngokuvamile ku-300-600 bar) okuhamba phansi ngokuqondile ngama-nozzles akhelwe ikakhulu kube yizikhonkwane zokubhoboza. Njengoba i-rig ishayela phezulu, izinsiza ziphuleka, zencane indlela futhi zelekile izinsalela zomhlaba zinciphisa lapho zikhona kusasebenza nokuhlanganiswa kwe-cement slurry, kudala ikholamu ezinzile ehlanganisiwe noma kukhishwa umhlaba wokubhoboza ipaneli. Umfutho wokufaka kanye nezinga lokuhamba lukhokhela ububanzi bekholamu ye-hydromill kanye nezinga lokuhlanganiswa kwe-soil-cement. Ukuze kuqhutshwe imisebenzi ye-diaphragm wall, i-hydromill ibhoboza ngaphakathi komgwaqo osekwe ngaphansi kwe-bentonite; kumakhono e-jet grouting, yakha izikhala ezithile ezikhaleni ezihlukene zokuhlanganiswa. Okuhlukahlukene ezihlotsheni zempahla zihlanganisa ama-hydromills ahlukanisiwe (amanzi ajulile nomhlanga namathuba amaningi), izinhlelo ezintathu-zamafluids (ama-nozzles amathathu ahlukanisiwe ukuze kube nokulawula okulula phakathi kokubhoboza nokuhlanganisa), ama-hydromills aphakanyiswa kakhulu anokuholwa kwephaneli, kanye nezinguquko eziyindida ezihlanganisa amandla okuphoqa nomqondo wokuhlanganiswa. Ukukhethwa kwemiklamo kuncike ebubanzini obufanele bokwakha, ukwakheka komhlaba, amandla okudluliswa kwempawundi, kanye nezinga lokukhiqiza. Izinkomba zokukhetha zihlanganisa ukuhlukaniswa komhlaba (ukuhambela phambili, iphuzu lokusawoti, ubunzima obukhona, ukuvele kwekabho noma ama-boulders), ukuphuma okudingekayo kanye nobubanzi benhloko, izimo ze-water table, izinga lokushisa elithinta izinhozelo ze-slurry, amandla okuphathwa kwalung biçim, kanye nezidingo zokuhlonza eziyisisekelo—ngokuvamile ukuhlolwa kokubhaliwe kanye nezinkomba zamathuba, ngendlela ye-geophysical confirmation. Izincazelo zezimali kufanele ziqinisekise ukuthi isikhungo samandla se-rig (umfutho wepampu kanye nezinga lokuhamba) lihlanganisa nezinga we-hydromill futhi ukuthi izinhlelo zokuhola zigcinwa ziqonda ngenye indlela engama ± 0.5–1.0 percent, ngokwezinga lokwakhiwa. Izinga elihambelanayo lihlanganisa EN 1538 (Ukuphathwa komsebenzi okhethekile we-geotechnical—Izindonga ze-Diaphragm), EN 12716 (Ukuphathwa komsebenzi okhethekile we-geotechnical—Ukuphakanyiswa), EN ISO 14688 (Ukuhlukaniswa komhlaba), kanye ne-API RP 2A-WSD yezicelo ze-offshore. Ukuqinisekiswa kwezakhamuzi kanye nezifundo ze-hydromill (ngokuvamile ziphethe izikhungo zendawo noma abakhiqizi bezinsiza) zifunwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba.