Umphakhethi

Ama-excavator ayiwusizo olukhulu emsebenzini wokwakha izisekelo ezijulile, esebenza njengohlelo oluyisisekelo lokulungiselela umhlaba, ukususa impahla, kanye nokubeka imishini ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa kwezindonga zomhlaba, ama-cutoff curtain, nezakhiwo eziphathelene nezimpahla zokugcina umhlaba. Ngaphakathi kwecala labodwana, izindonga ze-sheet pile, ama-cutoff curtain, kanye nezinhlelo ze-secant pile, ama-excavator avumela ukulungiselelwa kwesayithi, ukumba imithombo, kanye nezinhlelo zokuphatha impahla ezisekela ukwakheka kwemikhawulo nokonga kwemali kwalezi zikhala ezingaphansi komhlaba. Ezigabeni zokusebenza ezijulile, ama-excavator asebenza ezingeni eziningi zokusebenza. Ngesikhathi sokulungiselelwa kwesayithi sokuqala, asusa izithiyo ebusweni, asuse imikhondo, futhi asungule amapulatifomu okusebenza kokwakhiwa kwezindonga zokuhola kanye nezinhlelo zokugcina i-slurry. Ekufakweni kwezindonga zebhodi, ama-excavator abalulekile ekumbeni imithombo esekelwa yi-slurry, evame ukuba phakathi kuka-0.6 kuya ku-1.2 amamitha ububanzi nezindonga eziwugqinsi ezingaphezu kwama-100 amamitha kumaphrojekthi amakhulu. Ngemuva kokufakwa kwekhonkrithi, ama-excavator akhipha izinhlelo zokuhlala zesikhashana futhi asuse isakhiwo sendonga yokuhola. Emaphumeleleni ama-cutoff curtain—okungaba ekwenziweni njengama-wall ashaywe zidonswayo (soil-cement-bentonite - SCB), ama-colum ashaywe nge-jet, noma ama-curtain e-deep soil mixing (DSM)—ama-excavator aphatha ukususa ukugxuma, alungiselela imikhondo yokufinyelela yemishini, futhi asekele ukufakwa kwezinhlelo zokukhipha amanzi. Ekukhiqizweni kwezindonga ze-secant pile kanye ne-sheet pile, ama-excavator asiza ekuhloleni izikhala zokuqala, ukulungiselela izimbobo zokuqala, nokususa izithiyo ezisemkhatsini. Umqondo wokusebenza ubandakanya izigaba zokumba ezenziwa ngohlelo lwe-backhoe bucket (olukwazi ukwakheke ngezinsiza zethuluzi ezijwayelekile noma ezinzima) ezikwenziwa, zikhiphe, futhi ziqoqa impahla ebumbeni. Ama-excavator ajwayelekile asebenzayo (25-50 tonnes) afanelekile emsebenzini ophakathi noma ophakeme, kanti imishini enokusebenza okukhulu (80-200+ tonnes) iyadingeka ekumbeni imithombo ye-slurry ejulile, ekuphumezeni izinhlelo ezimisiwe emhlabathini oguquguqukayo, kanye nokususwa okungapheli kwegxuma. Izinhlobo ezinde (ukuze kufike ku-30-meter boom extension) zikhuthaza ukufakwa kwempahla kumathrekhi noma ezindaweni zokugcina zesikhashana ngaphandle kokushintsha kakhulu, kulimaza ubuciko benqubo yesizinda. Izimo zemishini ezifumanekayo zifaka phakathi ama-backhoe moduli ajwayelekile anama-bucket teeth aqinile, izinguquko ezinzima ezinezikhumbuzo ezenziweyo futhi zikhuphukile endaweni yokugcina i-bucket ukuze ziwumhlabathi ogxilile noma i-limestone, i-tiltrotator-equipped variants evumela ukukhipha kwebhakede okumaphakathi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphathwa kwemali yokugcina emikhatsini emincane, nezisebenzelayo ezikhethekile zokukhipha izikhumba ezinokungena okuphezulu kanye ne-damping systems yokuphatha izithiyo ezifanele ngesikhathi sokudonswa. Izimo zokukhetha zihlanganisa umthamo we-bucket (1.5-4.0 m³ ezinhlelweni zezakhiwo), ukuhleleka kokumba okukhulu (kufanele kudlule ubukhulu bokugcina bendonga ngamamitha ama-2-3), ukufinyelela nokuthuthuka kwemishini (okubaluleke kakhulu ezindaweni zokuhlala ezisemqoka), ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha kanye nezilinganiso zokukhishwa (okwandayo ukulawulwa ezindaweni ezimaphakathi), isipiliyoni sokuphathwa kwemishini ye-slurry, kanye nokwesekwa komkhiqizi emithonjeni yezingxenye eziphindaphindayo kanye nezinsizakalo zomkhiqizo endaweni yephrojekthi. Izimo zomhlabathi—ikakhulukazi amandla, ukuhamba, nokuba khona kwamanzi emhlabathini—kukhombisa ngokukhulu ubuhlakani ukukhethwa kwezinhlobo ze-bucket kanye nezinga lokugqoka kwemishini. Izincazelo ezihambisanayo zihlanganisa i-ISO 6012 (ukusebenza kokukala ama-excavator amakhulu ahlanzekile), i-EN 474-1 (ukuphepha kwemishini yokumba umhlaba), kanye nezindinganiso zokukhishwa zezifunda (STAGE V e-EU, Tier 4 eNyakatho Melika). Amaphrojekthi ahlangabezana nezimfuneko zokulondolozwa kwemvelo noma ukufinyelelela angadinga imishini yokukhishwa okuphansi kakhulu noma ama-carrier amancane ukuze kuncishiswe umthelela wemvelo nokuphazamiseka komsindo ezindaweni ezithambile.