Izinsizaezincedo

Izingxenye ezisiza ekwakhiweni kwemikhawulo ye-sheet neziqinisekiso zokwenzeka kuhlanganisa imishini ethile, izinhlelo, nezithako ezivumela ukufakwa kahle, ukuhlanganiswa, kuyathathelwa, nokusekelwa kwezakhi eziyinhloko zokwakha izisekelo. Lezi zinhlelo ziyingxenye ebalulekile yokwakha izisekelo ezijulile, zisebenza njengemishini yokudlulisa amandla, ukulawula ukuhlela, nokwenza kube lula ukusebenza okuthinta ngqo izinga lokwakha, isikhathi, nokuphumelela kwezindleko. Yize zikhona ngokwengxenye ethile yeziqongo ezikhipha umthwalo noma imikhawulo, imishini ehlobene ibalulekile empumelelweni jikelele yephrojekthi futhi ivame ukuba ingxenye enkulu yokwaziswa kwemishini yonke. Izingxenye ezisiza zisetshenziswa kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokuthuthukiswa komhlaba okuqondile nezinhlelo zokusebenza, kuhlanganise nemikhawulo ye-sheet, ukuwakhiwa kwemikhawulo ye-diaphragm, iziqinisekiso ze-secant ne-tangent, izinhlelo ze-tremie pipe, kanye nezinsiza zokufaka izitsha ze-sea. Ezakhiweni ze-sheet pile, izingxenye ezisiza zisekela ukwakhiwa kwemikhawulo, ukukhipha imikhawulo, ukuqinisekiswa kokuhlangana, nezisekelo ezivundlile. Emsebenzini we-diaphragm wall, lezi zinhlelo zilawula uzinzo lwezikhahlo, ukuvimbela ukufaka ibhuku lamathube ngesikhathi sokususa okungakwazi, nokusekelwa kwemishini yokubhola. Kwezikhala zokuphuma emsebenzini wokulungisa indalo nokugeleza kwamanzi, izingxenye ezisiza ziqinisekisa ukunemba kwamasayizi nokuxhumanisa kwesisekelo kumazinga omhlabathi. Umqondo wokusebenza wezinhlelo eziningi ezisiza uphakathi kokudlulisela amandla okulawulwa kanye nezithiyo ze-jometry. Imikhawulo ye-pile kanye nezishiye zinezikhala ezilungile nokudilizwa ukuletha umonakalo noma amandla okuthola okuvela kumashumi, ukusabalalisa amandla ngendlela efanayo ehlangothini lwepile. Izibambo zokuhlanganyela kanye nezimbobo ziqinisekisa ukufaka kahle kwesixhumi se-sheet pile, kuvinjezelwe ukuhlukaniswa okungezansi ngaphansi kwemithwalo yeziqongo. Imishini yokukhipha isebenzisa izinqubo zokujikeleza noma zokudonsela ukuze yenze okuhlobene nefriction kanye nokushelela, ikhulule kancane imikhawulo emhlabathini ongaphezu kwayo ngaphandle kokulimaza isakhiwo. Izinhlelo zokukhipha amanzi nezokulawula ibhuku ziqinisa ibhalansi ye-hydrostatic, kuvinjezelwe ukuwa kwemifantu nokuhamba kwezimfuzo okungalawulwa ngesikhathi sokuhlukanisa nokuvela komjikelo. Izigaba ezibalulekile zemishini ezisiza zifaka phakathi kwemishini ye-hydraulic kanye nemishini yokuphakela, abakhokhi, amasistimu okwenza ama-clips kanye namacembe, izikhala zokuhlola kanye nezifanekiso, izitshalo zokukhipha amanzi nezokwelashwa kwe-slurry, izinhlelo zokubheka (ama-inclinometers, ama-piezometers, ama-cell pressure), izakhiwo zokusekela (izikhala, amawales, ukwakhiwa kwe-cross-bracing), kanye nezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezifana nezithako ze-drilling fluid kanye nezinto ze-hydraulic. Ukulungiswa kuhluka kakhulu ngokusekelwe emthwalweni wokuphela, ububanzi bokuphungula, izimo zomhlabathi, nezithiyo zendawo. Ukukhetha izinhlelo ezisiza kudinga ukuhlola ukuhambisana komthwalo, i-physics yokuxhumana kokwakha, izimo zemvelo, kanye nezindlela zokusebenza. Abakhi bahlole ubukhulu bepile (10–20+ itoni ngaphezu kwezakhi), ukuphikisana okuqhubekayo okucatshangwa, ububanzi bokuphungula, izinga lokukhiqiza eliceliwe, kanye nezithiyo zendawo. Imishini kumele inxuse kahle ngempumelelo nemishini yokufaka eyinhloko futhi ikwazi ukubekezelela umthwalo ophindaphindiwe noma owangaphandle ngaphandle kokwanda. Umklamo wezinhlelo ezisiza kanye nokusebenza kuncike ku-EN 12699 (imikhawulo emide), EN 15237 (imikhawulo emincane emide), DIN 4128 (imikhiqizo ye-sheet), EN 14475 (imikhawulo ye-diaphragm), kanye ne-API RP 2A (imikhawulo ye-offshore). Amandla aphezulu, izikhatsi zokuhlasela, kanye nezimvume zokuhlanganiswa kuqinisekiswa ngokwe-ISO 13291 (ukufaka okuhle). Ukuvumelana nalezi zindinganiso kuqinisekisa ukwethembeka kwesakhiwo, ukuphepha kwabantu abasebenza, kanye nokuhambisana across imakethe zomhlaba.