Isekeli

I-Excavator iyiqoqo ebalulekile lemishini yokuhambisa umhlaba kubunjiniyela bezisekelo ezijulile, isebenza njengemishini eyinhloko yokulungiselela indawo, ukuphatha izinto, nemisebenzi eyengeziwe yokumba esekela ukufakwa kwemidiya yeziqhumane zodonga ezikhethekile. Ngenkathi odonga be-diagram, iziqhumane, ama-pile secant, kanye nodonga lwezinto zephepha kuzimisa ngemishini yokubhoboza nokufaka, ama-excavator akha isisekelo esibalulekile sale misebenzi ngokwenza imisebenzi yemqoka yokumba evumela ukwakhiwa kwezingqimba ngokunembile. Ezinhlelweni zokwakha izisekelo ezijulile, ama-excavator asetshenziswa ezindaweni ezahlukene kumaphrojekthi odonga be-diagram kanye nezinqwaba. Asethula ukuvulwa kwendawo okuqalayo nokulinganisa, asusa ukungcola nezindawo zomhlaba ezithambile, ahlukanisa ama-guide wall namapits, aphatha i-bentonite slurry, aqoqe futhi agcine ukungcoliswa okwakhiwe, futhi aphathe ukuhamba kwezinto ezindaweni zokwakha ezihlanganisiwe. Kumaphrojekthi e-jet grouting nase-mixing soil, ama-excavator abeka imishini, aphatha ama-bin ezinto, futhi aphathe ukususwa nokubuyekezwa kwezinsika zomhlaba ezilungisiwe. Kumaphrojekthi ama-pile secant kanye ne-tangent, acabanga izindawo zokufinyelela futhi aphathe izinto ezitholakala ngesikhathi sokukhipha ama-pile. Imigomo yokusebenza ye-crawler kanye nama-excavator enezinyawo emikhakheni le iyagxila ekuqhubekeni kwamandla e-hydraulic. Isakhiwo esijikelezayo, esifakwe kumathrekhi noma kuma-carriers enezinhlamvu ze-rubber, sihlanganyela ne-hydraulic pump, ama-valve kontrol, kanye ne-khabhin ye-opharetha. I-boom, i-arm, ne-bucket zisebenza nge-hydraulic, zivumela ukufaka kahle i-bucket enezinhloso zokuthola umthwalo ophakathi kuka-0.5 kuya ku-5.0 cubic meters ngokuya ngeklasi yomshini. Umsebenzi wokumba utholakala ngokuhlasela kwe-pump enkulu (ngokuvamile 200–400 cc/rev) okukhanyiselwa ngamapulazi e-diesel noma i-electric power, kudluliselwe kumasilinda e-hydraulic anezinga lok pressure elingu-280–350 bar. Ezindaweni ezixhaswe, ama-excavator amancane (13–25 tonnes isisindo sokusebenza) anemizila encane yokujikeleza kanye ne-360-degree rotation akhethwa; izindawo ezivulekile zivuma amacarrier ajwayelekile (30–60 tonnes) anezinduku ezinde nokufinyelela okukhulu. Ukumiswa kwemishini kulesi sihloko kufaka phakathi izinhlelo ezijwayelekile ze-bucket ne-arm, ama-buckets akhethekile anezinhlangothi ezomelelekile zokuwina umhlaba, ama-grapples okuhlukaniswa kwemicabango, kanye nemishini yokumisa esebenzisa i-bucket. Ama-excavator aphatha i-slurry akhiwe ngezivikelo zokuvikela ukuze aphathe ukuchitheka kwe-bentonite kanye nezinhlelo zokuhamba kwamanzi ezigxilile. Ukumiswa okhethekile kufaka ama-buckets aqhuba nezingxenye ezihambisanayo ukuze agcwalise ukwahlukanisa ukungcoliswa. Izinhlelo zokukhetha zokusekela ukumba kumaphrojekthi odonga zifaka phakathi iklasi ye-excavator (mini, midi, ejwayelekile), imikhawulo ye-weight yokusebenza evinjelwe amandla epulatifomu, isilinganiso sokugcwaliswa kwe-bucket esifanele izimo zomhlaba, ukusebenza kahle kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli ezinhlelweni ezinde, imikhawulo yephunga nomsindo ezindaweni zokwakha ezibucayi, nezidingo zokufinyelela eziphathelene nezimo ze-pit. Abathengisi bahlola ukuhamba kwe-hydraulic pump, izinga lokuhamba, kanye nezinga lok pressure kuqhathaniswa nezimfuno zomhlaba ezilindelekile nezimo zokushisa. Izindinganiso zezimboni ezilawula ukusebenza kwe-excavator nokuphepha zifaka ISO 6016 (ukwakheka kokusebenza okujwayelekile), ISO 12100 (ukuphepha kwemishini), ISO 6165 (ukwehlukaniselwa ngaphansi kokwandisa ne-hydraulic), kanye ne-EN 12001 (izidingo zokuphepha kwemishini yokuhambisa umhlaba). Ukulandela emaphandleni kudinga ukufinyelela emshwaleni ngaphansi kwe-EU Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC. Izindinganiso zokusebenza zokuphatha ukungcoliswa ziqondisa i-ISO 14644 (ukulawula ukungcoliswa ngesikhathi sokuhamba kwezinto) kanye nemihlahlandlela yezemvelo zabantu bendawo zokuphatha i-slurry.