Izinto Zokupakisha Igravel

Impahla ye-gravel pack iyingxenye ebalulekile yokwakhiwa kwezinhlelo zokukhipha amanzi emadwaleni deep water aquifer eziqondiswe ukusekela imisebenzi yokumba kanye ne-engineering foundation. Ngaphakathi kwesimo sokusebenza kokukhipha amanzi emadwaleni, i-gravel pack inezenzo eziningi ezibalulekile: ihlinzeka ngokusekela kwesakhiwo ezungeze i-well screen, isungula indawo ye-filter eyabiwe engavumeli umsandla wezinto nezinto ezincane ukuthi zingene kwi-wellbore, futhi ikhulisa kakhulu ukuhamba okungekho kuyo eduze kwendawo yokwamukela. Ngokwakha isimo se-hydraulic esilawulwayo, impahla ye-gravel pack yehlisa umthamo wamanzi olawulwa kahle emadwaleni okuhlanza, yehlisa ubungozi bokuvinjelwa, futhi wandisa isikhathi sokusebenza kwemishini yokupompa eyindida esetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwezingqimba nezinhlelo zokuzinikeza. Ukukhetha nokufakwa kwempahla ye-gravel pack efanele kuthonya ngqo ukusebenza kahle kokukhipha amanzi phansi, okwenza kube kubalulekile kubakhi abaphatha amatafula amanzi emibuthanweni emikhulu yokufika, ukususa ama-caisson, kanye nezinsiza ezinkulu zokwakha izisekelo. Ukwakhiwa kwempahla ye-gravel pack kudinga ukucabangela ngokucophelela izici ze-formation nezimo zokwakha. Ukuhleleka, noma ukusatshalaliswa kosayizi bezinto ngaphakathi kwe-filter pack, kumele kuhlangabezane kahle nezinhlaka zomhlaba ezizungezile ukuze kufezwe ukufakwa okungcono ngenkathi kunciphisa ukujula kokuhamba phezu kwe-screen assembly. Izinto ezinzima zingadingeka ezikhungweni ezine-permeability ephezulu, kanti uhlelo lwezinhlaka oluncane luba lubalulekile lapho kukhulunywa ngembshada noma umhlaba oklanywe ukuhamba ngaphakathi kwe-wellbore. Indlela yokufaka iphinde ibe ebalulekile; impahla ye-pack kumele ifakwe ngokucophelela ezungeze i-screen ukuze kuqinisekiswe ububanzi obufanayo nokusekela okufanele, kuvimbele ukuhlukaniswa okungathinta ukusebenza kokuhlunga. Ubukhulu benqola ye-gravel pack, ngokuvamile buhlanga phakathi kuka-3 no-6 inches ezungeze i-screen, buhlinzeka ngempumelelo ebonakalayo yokuhlunga okukhona okuthile, kuqhathaniswa nezindleko ezimbonini ezinzima lapho izingxenye zempahla zingaba zinkulu. EZinhlelweni zokwakha zezisekelo ezinzulu kanye nohlelo lwe-geotechnical, ukusebenza kwempahla ye-gravel pack kuthonya ngqo ukusebenza kahle kokukhipha amanzi nezomnotho zohlelo. Izindawo zokwakha ezisebenzisayo izinhlelo zokukhipha amanzi emadwaleni zidinga ukusebenza ngendlela eqinile ye-gravel pack ukuze kugcinwe amazinga wokukhipha amanzi aklanywe ngaphezulu kwezikhathi ezinde, ikakhulukazi emhlabeni ophelele lapho izinga lokuhamba kagesi liphansi. Le mpahla iyakha ibhafa phakathi kwezinto ezine-permeability ephansi kanye ne-well screen, ivumele ukupompa okuqhubekayo ngaphandle kokwakha kakhulu izinto ezincane ezizodinga ukuthuthukiswa kwe-screen noma intervention yokugcina. Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi ngesikhathi sokufaka i-gravel pack—okufaka phakathi ukuqinisekiswa kokusatshalaliswa kwezinto, indawo ye-screen, kanye nokwakha i-pack density—kubalulekile ukuvimbela ukuwohloka okujwayelekile njengokukhiqizwa kwe-sediment okudlulele, ukunciphisa umkhiqizo we-well, noma umonakalo kumishini okuhlukahlukene. Kubahlinzeki abenza izinhlelo zokwakha ezinzulu lapho ukukhipha amanzi kuyinto ebalulekile, ukutshalwa kwezimali empahleni yokwakhiwa ye-gravel pack enembile kanye nokufakwa kwezobuchwepheshe kuqinisekisa ukulawula kwamanzi aneziqinisekiso, kunciphisa ukubambezeleka kwephrojekthi, futhi kuphumelela kokusebenza okuhle kusukela kwinhlanganisela ye-well ne-pump system yonke ngesikhathi sokwakha.