Amathrehela aphansi

Ama-trailer wezimpahla aphansi (aphinde abizwe ngama-lowboy trailers noma ama-low-loader trailers) ayi-vehile zomsebenzi ezikhethekile ezakhiwe ngokukhethekile ukuze zisetshenziswe ekuhambiseni izithuthi ezinkulu nezingaphezulu kokujwayelekile ezingu-ukuthwala ubukhulu obukhona nokuwela umthetho wezinsiza zokuthutha. Ekwakheni ezizindeni ezijulile, ama-trailer aphansi abalulekile njengohlaka lwezokuthutha olwakha ukuphakelwa kwezinhlelo ezinkulu zamathuluzi ezindaweni zephroject. Lezi ziqubulo zenza uxhumano oluyinhloko phakathi kwabakhi bokusebenza, abasizi, nabakhi, ikakhulukazi kumaphrojekthi ahilela ukwakhiwa kwamadwala e-diaphragm, ukufakwa kwemibuso yokuhlukanisa, ukuphosa ama-secant piles, ukufakwa kwamadwala e-sheet piles, kanye nezinhlelo ezikhethekile zokuhlanganisa umhlabathi noma zokugroutinga. Indima eyisisekelo ye-low bed trailers ukuthutha izingxenye ezinkulu, ezingashintshi—njengama-drilling masts, ama-vibratory hammers, amayunithi wamandla, amapayipi e-tremie, nezindawo ezinzima zokwakha—kusuka ezindaweni zokuhlela zibe sezindaweni zokusebenza ngenkathi kugcinwa ubumsulwa bemishini nokuhlonishwa kokuhamba komgwaqo okuvikelekile phakathi kwezindlela zaseYurophu. Ama-trailer aphansi asebenza ngesiqophi sokuphakanyiswa kwe-hydraulic noma kwe-mechanical esikhulisa ibhande lezimpahla ngaphansi komkhawulo we-trailer ojwayelekile, ngaphakathi kuka-24 ukuya ku-36 inches ngaphezulu kobubanzi bomgwaqo. Le nkambiso ye-gear ephezulu yokuphakamisa ivumela ukuhambisa imishini eklanywe ngenxa yokuphakama okujwayelekile, njengoba ukuphakama okuphelele kwe-vehicle kuhlala ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo esemthethweni ngisho noma kukhona imithwalo enkulu. Uhlelo lwe-trailer luqukethe uhlaka lwensimbi oluqinile olunezindawo ezithwala umthwalo ezibaliwe ngokwemithwalo ethile ethwalwayo esuka ku-40 kuya ku-150+ metric tonnes, kuye ngohlelo lwe-axle kanye nokwakheka kwesakhiwo. Izinhlelo ze-hydraulic noma ze-pneumatic ziqondisa uhlanga nokuphakama, kulungiselela kokwenza ukulayisha nokukhipha emaphandleni anganakiwe ama-crane. Ama-trailer aphansi wesimanjemanje ahlanganisa izinhlelo zokumisa ezithuthukisiwe (air noma hydraulic), ukukhanya kwe-LED, izinhlelo zokubopha ezihlanganisiwe, kanye nezinqamuleli ezilungisekayo zokuphepha ezizindeni ezingajwayelekile zomthwalo nezingatholakali ngesikhathi sokuhamba. Izimo ezivamile zifaka ama-trailer ane-tandem-axle (ubude be-deck obungu-12–16 metres, umthwalo we-40–60 tonnes), ama-tri-axle kanye nama-quad-axle models (16–24 metres, 80–150 tonnes), kanye nezakhiwo ezikhethekile ze-gooseneck ezinengxenye ezikhiphayo zangaphambili ukuze kuhlomuliselwe umthwalo omude njengamapayipi wokugaya nokwakhiwa kwemasts. Izinhlobo ze-heavy-haul zinezikrini ezizimele zokuphakanyiswa ngama-hydraulic ezivumela ukuhamba ngezindlela eziphakeme neziphathekayo. Umthwalo wokuthutha, ibanga le-axle, ubude be-deck, ukusebenza kokukhuphuka, nokuphakama okungama-maximum okuhamba kusebenza njengesixazululo esiyinhloko sokukhetha izinto zokuthutha. Izinkinga ezengeziwe zifaka ukuhamba kwe-trailer ngaphakathi kumkhawulo wezokuthutha ezindaweni zaseYurophu, ukuhambisana nemithetho yokuhlola isisindo nemigomo yesikhumbuzo, ukusebenza kokumisa ngezimo ezithwala, nokusebenza kahle mayelana nezikhawu zokulayisha nokukhipha ezindaweni zokusebenza ezisebenza kakhudlwana nezithuthi ezitholakalayo ezincane. Ukuthutha imishini yezizindeni ezijulile kufanele kuhambisane nezindinganiso ze-EN 13072 ezibandakanya ukuphepha kokuhamba kanye nezinqubo zokulayisha izithuthi, kanye nemithetho ethile yeziqubulo ezilawula ukuhlukaniswa kwesisindo sezithuthi, imithwalo emikhulu ye-axle, nezinhlinzeko zokuvimbo zomgwaqo zonyaka. Izitifiketi zabashayeli ngaphansi kwe-ADR (Isivumelwano SaseYurophu Sokuhanjiswa Kwezimpahla Ezingozi Ngezindlela Zomgwaqo) zidingeka ukuze kuthunyelwe izinhlinzeko ezithile ezibandakanya izinsiza zokuhamba, izithako ze-cement, noma okokugcina kemikhemikhali. Ubukhulu be-trailer buhambisana nezindinganiso ze-DIN 7700 zamathuluzi ezisindayo, uqinisekisa ukuvikela imishini, ukuphepha komthwalo, nokuphepha kokusebenza kwezigaba ezihlukahlukene zamaphrojekthi e-European kanye nendawo. Izinhlelo zokuhlola ezijwayelekile ngaphansi kwe-ISO 4413 (uketshezi lwe-hydraulic nemishini) ziqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhubekile kwezingxenye ze-hydraulic zokumisa nokuphakanyiswa kuyo yonke impilo yokusebenza.